Forgiveness, Resentment, Well-Being, and College Student Substance Use in Southern Appalachia and West Texas

References

• Alcoholics Anonymous. (1981). Twelve steps and twelve traditions. Author. https://www.aa.org/pages/en_US/twelve-steps-and-twelve-traditions.
   Google Scholar
• Alcoholics Anonymous. (1998). Living sober. Author.
   Google Scholar
• Alcoholics Anonymous. (2001). Alcoholics anonymous: The story of how many thousands of men and women have recovered from alcoholism (Fourth ed.). Author. https://www.aa.org/pages/en_US/alcoholics-anonymous
   Google Scholar
• Babor, T., Higgins-Biddle, J. C., Saunders, J. B., & Monteiro, M. G. (2001). AUDIT: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Guidelines for use in primary health care. World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(3), 452–459. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connors, G. J., Tonigan, J. S., & Miller, W. R. (1996). A measure of religious background and behavior for use in behavior change research. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 10(2), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-164x.10.2.90
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornish, M. A., Griffin, B. J., & Morris, G. W. (2020). Promotion of self-forgiveness. In E. L. Worthington Jr. & N. G. Wade (Eds.), Handbook of forgiveness (Second ed., pp. 288–298). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Enright, R. D., & The Human Development Study Group. (1996). Counseling within the forgiveness triad: On forgiving, receiving forgiveness, and self-forgiveness. Counseling and Values, 40(2), 107–126.
   Google Scholar
• Enright, R. D. (2001). Forgiveness is a choice: A step-by-step process for resolving anger and restoring hope. American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Fetzer Institute. (1999, October). Multidimensional measurement of religiousness/spirituality for use in health research: A report of the Fetzer Institute/National Institute on aging working group, with additional psychometric data. Corporate. http://www.fetzer.org/resources/multidimensional-measurement-religiousnessspirituality-use-health-research
   Google Scholar
• Freedman, S., & Enright, R. D. (2020). A review of the empirical research using Enright’s process Model of interpersonal forgiveness. In Worthington, E. L., Jr. N. G. Wade (Ed.), Handbook of forgiveness (Second ed., pp. 266–276). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gamblers Anonymous. (1989). A new beginning. Author.
   Google Scholar
• Gassin, E. A., & Enright, R. D. (1995). The will to meaning in the process of forgiveness. Journal of Psychology & Christianity, 14(1), 38–49.
   Google Scholar
• Granfield, R., & Cloud, W. (1999). Coming clean: Overcoming addiction without treatment. New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (Second ed.). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hennessy, E. A. (2017). Recovery capital: A systematic review of the literature. Addiction Research & Theory, 25(5), 349–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2017.1297990
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, S. S. (1999). Southern churches in crisis revisited (pp. 20–39). University of Alabama Press.
   Google Scholar
• Holden, R. R., Mehta, K., Cunningham, E. J., & McLeod, L. D. (2001). Development and preliminary validation of a scale of psychache. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue Canadienne des Sciences du Comportement, 33(4), 224–232. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, S. H., & Marlatt, G. A. (2012). Addiction syndrome: Relapse and relapse prevention. In H. Shaffer, D. A. LaPlante, & S. E. Nelson (Eds.), APA addiction syndrome handbook, vol. 2: Recovery, prevention, and other issues (pp. 105–132). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13750-005
   Google Scholar
• Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2024). Handbook of religion and health (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lavelock, C. R., Snipes, D. J., Griffin, B. J., Worthington, E. L., Jr., Davis, D. E., Hook, J. N., Benotsch, E. G., & Ritter, J. (2015). A conceptual model of forgiveness and health. In L. L. Toussaint, E. L. Worthington Jr., & D. R. Williams (Eds.), Forgiveness and health: Scientific evidence and theories relating forgiveness to better health (pp. 29–42). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9993-5_3
   Google Scholar
• Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the depression anxiety stress scales (2nd ed.). Psychology Foundation. http://www2.psy.unsw.edu.au/groups/dass/
   Google Scholar
• Lyons, G. C. B., Deane, F. P., Caputi, P., & Kelly, P. J. (2011). Spirituality and the treatment of substance use disorders: An exploration of forgiveness, resentment and purpose in life. Addiction Research & Theory, 19(5), 459–469. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2011.555022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons, G. C. B., Deane, F. P., & Kelly, P. J. (2010). Forgiveness and purpose in life as spiritual mechanisms of recovery from substance use disorders. Addiction Research & Theory, 18(5), 528–543. https://doi.org/10.3109/16066351003660619
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marlatt, G. A., Larimer, M. E., & Witkiewitz, K. Eds. (2011). Harm reduction: Pragmatic strategies for managing high-risk behaviors (Second ed.). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCabe, S. E., Boyd, C. J., Cranford, J. A., Morales, M., & Slayden, J. (2006). A modified version of the Drug Abuse Screening Test among undergraduate students. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 31(3), 297–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2006.04.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narcotics Anonymous. (2008). Narcotics anonymous (Sixth ed.). Author.
   Google Scholar
• The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. (2007). Wasting the best and the brightest: Substance abuse at America’s colleges and universities. Author. Retrieved December 18, 2020, from https://drugfree.org/reports/wasting-the-best-and-the-brightest-substance-abuse-at-americas-colleges-and-universities/.
   Google Scholar
• Nowinski, J., Baker, S., & Carroll, K. M. (1994). Twelve step facilitation therapy manual: A clinical research guide for therapists treating individuals with alcohol abuse and dependence. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds, W. M. (1982). Development of reliable and valid short forms of the marlowe-crowne social desirability scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(1), 119–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198201)38:1<119:AID-JCLP2270380118>3.0.CO;2-I
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shneidman, E. (1993). Suicide as psychache: A clinical approach to self-destructive behavior. Jason Aronson, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Skidmore, C. R., Kaufman, E. A., & Crowell, S. E. (2016). Substance use among college students. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 25(4), 735–753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2016.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMART Recovery. (2019). SMART Recovery: About, History, and FAQs. Retrieved December 14, 2019, from https://www.smartrecovery.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Suicide Anonymous. (2015). Suicide Anonymous, The Little Book (Revised Edition). Author. Retrieved January 10, 2023, from https://suicideanonymous.net/readings-and-downloads.
   Google Scholar
• Tangney, J. P., Boone, A. L., & Dearing, R. (2005). Forgiving the self: Conceptual issues and empirical findings. In E. L. Worthington Jr. (Ed.), Handbook of forgiveness (pp. 143–158). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson, L. Y., Snyder, C. R., Hoffman, L., Michael, S. T., Rasmussen, H. N., Billings, L. S., Heinze, L., Neufeld, J. E., Shorey, H. S., Roberts, J. C., & Roberts, D. J. (2005). Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. Journal of Personality, 73(2), 313–359. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00311.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toussaint, L. L., & Webb, J. R. (2005). Theoretical and empirical connections between forgiveness, mental health, and well-being. In E. L. Worthington Jr. (Ed.), Handbook of forgiveness (pp. 349–362). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Toussaint, L. L., Webb, J. R., & Hirsch, J. K. (2017). Self-forgiveness and health: A stress-and-coping model. In L. Woodyatt, E. L. Worthington Jr., M. Wenzel, & B. J. Griffin (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of self-forgiveness (pp. 87–99). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60573-9_7
   Google Scholar
• Toussaint, L. L., Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Williams, D. R. (Eds.). (2015). Forgiveness and health: Scientific evidence and theories relating forgiveness to better health. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Tsang, J.-A., & Martin, S. R. (2018). Forgiveness. In C. R. Snyder, S. J. Lopez, L. M. Edwards, & S. C. Marques (Eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199396511.013.32
   Google Scholar
• Wade, N. G., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2003). Overcoming interpersonal offenses: Is forgiveness the only way to deal with unforgiveness? Journal of Counseling & Development, 81(3), 343–353. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2003.tb00261.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R. (2021). Understanding forgiveness and addiction: Theory, research, and clinical application. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., & Brewer, K. (2010). Forgiveness and college student drinking in Southern Appalachia. Journal of Substance Use, 15(6), 417–433. https://doi.org/10.3109/14659891003706373
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., Bumgarner, D. J., Conway-Williams, E., Dangel, T., & Hall, B. B. (2017). A consensus definition of self-forgiveness: Implications for assessment and treatment. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 4(3), 216–227. https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000138
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., Hirsch, J. K., & Toussaint, L. L. (2011). Forgiveness and alcohol problems: A review of the literature and a call for intervention-based research. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 29(3), 245–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2011.585922
   Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., Hirsch, J. K., & Toussaint, L. L. (2015). Forgiveness as a positive psychotherapy for addiction and suicide: Theory, research, and practice. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 2(1), 48–60. Suicide and Spirituality in the Military. https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., Hirsch, J. K., Visser, P. L., & Brewer, K. G. (2013). Forgiveness and health: Assessing the mediating effect of health behavior, social support, and interpersonal functioning. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary & Applied, 147(5), 391–414. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2012.700964
   Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., & Toussaint, L. L. (2018). Self-forgiveness as a critical factor in addiction and recovery: A 12-step model perspective. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 36(1), 15–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2017.1391057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb, J. R., Toussaint, L. L., & Conway-Williams, E. (2012). Forgiveness and health: Psycho-spiritual integration and the promotion of better healthcare. Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 18(1–2), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/08854726.2012.667317
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Welsh, J. W., Shentu, Y., & Sarvey, D. B. (2019). Substance use among college students. Focus, 17(2), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.20180037
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2018). Constitution of the World Health Organization. Author. Retrieved July 28, 2018, from http://apps.who.int/gb/bd/PDF/bd47/EN/constitution-en.pdf?ua=1.
   Google Scholar
• Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2001). Unforgiveness, forgiveness, and reconciliation and their implications for societal interventions. In R. G. Helmick, S. J, & R. L. Petersen (Eds.), Forgiveness and reconciliation: Religion, public policy, and conflict transformation (pp. 161–182). Templeton Foundation Press.
   Google Scholar
• Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2006). Forgiveness and reconciliation: Theory and application. Routledge. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2006-09517-000&site=ehost-live
   Google Scholar
• Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2020). An update of the REACH forgiveness Model: Psychoeducation in groups, do-it-yourself formats, couple enrichment, religious congregations, and as an adjunct to psychotherapy. In E. L. Worthington Jr. & N. G. Wade (Eds.), Handbook of forgiveness (Second ed., pp. 277–287). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2023). Forgiveness intervention manuals. Retrieved July 8, 2023, from http://www.evworthington-forgiveness.com/.
   Google Scholar
• Worthington, E. L., Jr., Berry, J. W., & Parrott, L., III. (2001). Unforgiveness, forgiveness, religion, and health. In T. G. Plante & A. C. Sherman (Eds.), Faith and health: Psychological perspectives (pp. 107–138). Guilford Press. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2001-05098-005&site=ehost-live
   Google Scholar
• Worthington, E. L., Jr., & Wade, N. G. (Eds.). (2020). Handbook of forgiveness (2nd ed.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Zemore, S. E., Lui, C., Mericle, A., Hemberg, J., & Kaskutas, L. A. (2018). A longitudinal study of the comparative efficacy of women for sobriety, LifeRing, SMART recovery, and 12-step groups for those with AUD. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 88, 18–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2018.02.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar