Gender variations in the impact of hyperuricemia on thyroid disorders

References

• Zimmermann MB, Boelaert K. Iodine deficiency and thyroid disorders. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3(4):286–295. doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70225-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Teng D, Ba J, et al. Efficacy and safety of long-term universal salt iodization on thyroid disorders: epidemiological evidence from 31 provinces of mainland China. Thyroid. Apr 2020;30(4):568–579. doi:10.1089/thy.2019.0067.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Thyroid Association. 2019. https://www.thyroid.org/media-main/press-room/
   Google Scholar
• Biondi B, Kahaly GJ, Robertson RP. Thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus: two closely associated disorders. Endocr Rev. Jun 1 2019; 40(3):789–824. doi:10.1210/er.2018-00163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delitala AP. Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the cardiovascular disease. hormone and metabolic research = hormon- und stoffwechselforschung = hormones et metabolisme. Hormone And Metabolic Research. Oct, 2017;49(10):723–731. doi:10.1055/s-0043-117893.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tseng FY, Lin WY, Li CI, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with increased risk for cancer mortality in adult Taiwanese—a 10 years population-based cohort. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):e0122955. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122955.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SY, Cabral HJ, Aschengrau A, Pearce EN. Associations between maternal thyroid function in pregnancy and obstetric and perinatal outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. May 1 2020; 105(5):e2015–23. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lillevang-Johansen M, Abrahamsen B, Jørgensen HL, Brix TH, Hegedüs L. Over- and under-treatment of hypothyroidism is associated with excess mortality: a register-based cohort study. Thyroid. May, 2018;28(5):566–574. doi:10.1089/thy.2017.0517.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu R, Han C, Wu D, et al. Prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout in mainland China from 2000 to 2014: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:762820. doi:10.1155/2015/762820.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliot AJ, Cross KW, Fleming DM. Seasonality and trends in the incidence and prevalence of gout in England and Wales 1994-2007. Ann Rheum Dis. Nov, 2009;68(11):1728–1733. doi:10.1136/ard.2008.096693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu Y, Pandya BJ, Choi HK. Prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in the US general population: the national health and nutrition examination survey 2007-2008. Arthritis Rheumatism. Oct, 2011;63(10):3136–3141. doi:10.1002/art.30520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grayson PC, Kim SY, LaValley M, Choi HK. Hyperuricemia and incident hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care & Research. Jan, 2011;63(1):102–110. doi:10.1002/acr.20344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feig DI, Kang DH, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med. Oct 23 2008;359(17):1811–1821. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0800885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dehghan A, van Hoek M, Sijbrands EJ, Hofman A, Witteman JC. High serum uric acid as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. Feb, 2008;31(2):361–362. doi:10.2337/dc07-1276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang HY, Tung CW, Lee PH, et al. Hyperuricemia as an independent risk factor of chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly population. Am J Med Sci. Jun 2010;339(6):509–515. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181db6e16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh JA, Cleveland JD. Gout and hypothyroidism in the elderly: an observational cohort study using U.S. medicare claims data. J Gen Intern Med. Aug, 2018;33(8):1229–1231. doi:10.1007/s11606-018-4460-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desideri G, Bocale R, D’Amore AM, et al. Thyroid hormones modulate uric acid metabolism in patients with recent onset subclinical hypothyroidism by improving insulin sensitivity. Intern Emerg Med. Jan 2020;15(1):67–71. doi:10.1007/s11739-019-02065-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• See LC, Kuo CF, Yu KH, Wang G, et al. Hyperthyroid and hypothyroid status was strongly associated with gout and weakly associated with hyperuricaemia. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e114579. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing Y, Yang L, Liu J, Ma H, Francomano D. The association with subclinical thyroid dysfunction and uric acid. Int J Endocrinol. 2021;2021:1–13. doi:10.1155/2021/9720618.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu L, Lou S, Xu K, Meng Z, Zhang Q, Song K. Relationship between lifestyle choices and hyperuricemia in Chinese men and women. Clin Rheumatol. Feb, 2013;32(2):233–239. doi:10.1007/s10067-012-2108-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chao G, Zhu Y, Fang L. Retrospective analysis of the correlation between uric acid and thyroid hormone in people with normal thyroid function. J Diabetes Res. 2019;2019:1–6. doi:10.1155/2019/5904264.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Meng Z, Zhang Q, et al. Gender impact on the correlations between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and hyperuricemia in Chinese. Clin Rheumatol. Jan 2016;35(1):143–149. doi:10.1007/s10067-015-2867-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Zhang J, Meng Z, et al. Gender impact on the correlations between Graves’ hyperthyroidism and hyperuricemia in Chinese. Ir J Med Sci. Aug 2019;188(3):843–848. doi:10.1007/s11845-018-1939-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu J, Wang B, Li Q, et al. Risk of thyroid disorders in patients with gout and hyperuricemia. hormone and metabolic research = hormon- und stoffwechselforschung = hormones et metabolisme. Hormone And Metabolic Research. Aug 2019;51(8):522–530. doi:10.1055/a-0923-9184.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Giordano N, Santacroce C, Mattii G, Geraci S, Amendola A, Gennari C. Hyperuricemia and gout in thyroid endocrine disorders. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2001;19:661–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yazar A, Döven O, Atis S, et al. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure and serum uric acid levels in patients with hyperthyroidism. Arch Med Res. Jan-Feb 2003;34(1):35–40. doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(02)00457-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato A, Shirota T, Shinoda T, et al. Hyperuricemia in patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease. Metabolism. Feb 1995;44(2):207–211. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(95)90266-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Ruiz F, Chinchilla SP, Atxotegi J, Urionagüena I, Herrero-Beites AM, Aniel-Quiroga MA. Increase in thyroid stimulating hormone levels in patients with gout treated with inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase. Rheumatol Int. Nov, 2015;35(11):1857–1861. doi:10.1007/s00296-015-3355-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolenko Iu I, Nikolenko lu V, Ignatenko GA, Mukhin IV, Mukhin IV. Disfunction of thyroid gland at experimental hyperuricemia. Biomed Khim. 2005;51:72–75.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghaemi-Oskouie F, Shi Y. The role of uric acid as an endogenous danger signal in immunity and inflammation. Curr Rheumatol Rep. Apr, 2011;13(2):160–166. doi:10.1007/s11926-011-0162-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elnady B, Almalki A, Abdel-Fattah MM, Desouky DE, Attar M. Serum uric acid as a sensitive concordant marker with lupus nephritis and new onset of renal damage: a prospective cohort study. Clin Rheumatol. May, 2021;40(5):1827–1834. doi:10.1007/s10067-020-05473-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang H, Ma Y, Cao R, et al. Soluble uric acid induces myocardial damage through activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. J Cell Mol Med. Aug 2020;24(15):8849–8861. doi:10.1111/jcmm.15523.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao J, Zhang XL, Fu C, et al. Soluble uric acid increases NALP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β expression in human primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells through the Toll-like receptor 4-mediated pathway. Int J Mol Med. May 2015;35(5):1347–1354. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2015.2148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar