232
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

A Pan-Canadian document analysis: examining policies and practices that foster self-regulation in the early years

ORCID Icon, &
Pages 220-245 | Received 10 Feb 2022, Accepted 10 Sep 2023, Published online: 21 Sep 2023

References

  • Alberta Education. 2008. Kindergarten Program Statement. Retrieved from https://education.alberta.ca/media/563583/kindprogstate2008.pdf.
  • Allal, L. 2020. “Assessment and the Co-Regulation of Learning in the Classroom.” Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice 27 (4): 332–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2019.1609411.
  • Bailey, Alison L, and Margaret Heritage, eds. 2018. Self-regulation and Learning: The Role of Language and Formative Assessment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.
  • Best Start Resource Centre. 2010. Founded in Culture: Strategies to Promote Early Learning in First Nations Children in Ontario. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Retrieved from: https://resources.beststart.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/K13-A.pdf.
  • Bransen, Derk, Marjan J. B. Govaerts, Dominique M. A. Sluijsmans, and Erik W. Driessen. 2020. “Beyond the Self: The Role of co-Regulation in Medical Students’ Self-Regulated Learning.” Medical Education 54 (3): 234–241. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.14018.
  • Braund, H., and K. Timmons. 2021. “Operationalization of Self-Regulation in the Early Years: Comparing Policy with Theoretical Underpinnings.” International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy 15 (1): 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-021-00085-7.
  • British Columbia Ministry of Education. 2015a. BC’s New Curriculum. Retrieved from https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum.
  • British Columbia Ministry of Education. 2015b. Introduction to British Columbia’s Redesigned Curriculum. Retrieved from https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/rethinking-curriculum.
  • Carver, Charles, and Michael Scheier. 2016. “Self-regulation of Action and Affect.” In The Handbook of Self-Regulation: Research, Theory, and Applications, edited by K. D. Vohs, and R. F. Baumeister, 3–23. 3rd ed. New York City, US: The Guilford Press.
  • Children's Mental Health Ontario. 2002. Early Childhood Mental Health Treatment: Training Reference Guide. Retrieved from: https://cmho.org/teacher-resources/.
  • Denham, Susanne, and Anita T. Kochanoff. 2002. “Parental Contributions to Preschoolers’ Understanding of Emotion.” Marriage & Family Review 34 (3-4): 311–343. https://doi.org/10.1300/J002v34n03_06.
  • Diamond, A., and K. Lee. 2011. “Interventions Shown to Aid Executive Function Development in Children 4 to 12 Years Old.” Science 333: 959–964. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1204529.
  • Duckworth, Kathyrn, Rodie Akerman, Alice MacGregor, Emma Salter, and John Vorhaus. 2009. “Research Report: Self-Regulated Learning: A Literature Review.” Centre for Research on the Wider Benefits of Learning. Accessed January 12, 2022. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1520492/1/WBLResRep33.pdf.
  • Education for All. 2005. Report of the Expert Panel on Literacy and Numeracy Instruction for Students with Special Education Needs. Retrieved from: http://www.oafccd.com/documents/educationforall.pdf.
  • Erdmann, Kim Angeles, and Silke Hertel. 2019. “Self-regulation and Co-Regulation in Early Childhood – Development, Assessment and Supporting Factors.” Metacognition and Learning 14 (3): 229–238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-019-09211-w.
  • Florez, Ida Rose. 2011. “Developing Young Children’s Self-Regulation Through Everyday Experiences.” YC Young Children 66 (4): 46–51.
  • Government of Alberta. 2011. Kindergarten Curriculum Overview. Retrieved https://education.alberta.ca/media/160232/kindergarten-curricululm-overview.pdf.
  • Government of Australia. 2009. “The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia.” Accessed January 21, 2022. https://k10outline.scsa.wa.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/4629/EYLF_complete_doc.pdf.
  • Government of New Brunswick. 2005. You and Your World: Kindergarten – Grade 2. Retrieved from https://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/ed/pdf/K12/curric/Health-PhysicalEducation/YouandYourWorldK-2.pdf.
  • Government of New Brunswick. 2016. New Brunswick Curriculum Framework for Early Learning and Child Care. Retrieved from http://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/education/elcc/content/curriculum/curriculum_framework.html.
  • Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. 2015. Completely Kindergarten: The Kindergarten Curriculum Guide–Interim Edition. Retrieved from http://www.ed.gov.nl.ca/edu/k12/curriculum/guides/earlybeginnings/index.htm.
  • Greenland, Susan. 2010. The Mindful Child: How to Help Your Kid Manage Stress and Become Happier, Kinder, and More Compassionate. New York: Free Press.
  • Hadwin, A. F., S. Järvelä, and M. Miller. 2011. “Self-Regulated, Co-Regulated, and Socially Shared Regulation of Learning.” In Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance, edited by B. J. Zimmerman and D. H. Schunk, 65–84. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Hadwin, Allyson, Sanna Järvelä, and Mariel Miller. 2018. “Self-Regulation, Co-Regulation, and Shared Regulation in Collaborative Learning Environments.” In Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance. 2nd ed., edited by D. Schunk and J. Greene, 83–106. New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Hadwin, Allyson, and Mika Oshige. 2011. “Self-Regulation, Coregulation, and Socially Shared Regulation: Exploring Perspectives of Social in Self-Regulated Learning Theory.” Teachers College Record 113 (2): 240–264. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811111300204.
  • Jackson, T., J. Mackenzie, and S. E. Hobfoll. 2000. “Communal Aspects of Self-Regulation.” In Handbook of Self-Regulation, edited by M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, and M. Zeidner, 275–300. Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50038-X.
  • Kroll, Linda R. 2017. “Early Childhood Curriculum Development: The Role of Play in Building Self-Regulatory Capacity in Young Children.” Early Child Development and Care 187 (5-6): 854–868. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1223063.
  • Kurki, Kristiina, Hanna Järvenoja, Sanna Järvelä, and Arttu Mykkänen. 2016. “How Teachers co-Regulate Children’s Emotions and Behaviour in Socio-Emotionally Challenging Situations in day-Care Settings.” International Journal of Educational Research 76:76–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2016.02.002.
  • Lerang, Maren Stahl, Sigrun K. Ertesvåg, and Trude Havik. 2019. “Perceived Classroom Interaction, Goal Orientation and Their Association with Social and Academic Learning Outcomes.” Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 63 (6): 913–934. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2018.1466358.
  • Low, Jason, and Samantha Simpson. 2012. “Effects of Labeling on Preschoolers’ Explicit False Belief Performance: Outcomes of Cognitive Flexibility or Inhibitory Control?” Child Development 83 (3): 1072–1084. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01738.x.
  • Manitoba Education. 2003. Kindergarten to Grade 8 Social Studies: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/socstud/framework/k-8framework.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2007. Kindergarten to Grade 12 Aboriginal Languages and Cultures: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/abedu/framework/k-12_ab_lang.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2011a. Kindergarten to Grade 8 Dance: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/arts/docs/dance_k8.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2011b. Kindergarten to grade 8 drama: Manitoba curriculum framework of outcomes. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/arts/docs/drama_k8.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2011c. Kindergarten to Grade 8 Music: Manitoba Curriculum Framework of Outcomes. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/arts/docs/music_k8.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2011d. Kindergarten to grade 8 visual arts: Manitoba curriculum framework of outcomes. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/arts/docs/visual_k8.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2011e. Kindergarten to grade 12 curriculum framework for EAL/LAL programming: Section 4a early years EAL acquisition continuum. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/eal/framework/section4a.pdf.
  • Manitoba Education. 2013. Kindergarten to Grade 8 Mathematics: Manitoba Curriculum Framework Revised. Retrieved from https://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/math/framework_k-8/index.html.
  • Manitoba Education. 2015a. Belonging, Learning, Growing: Diversity Education. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/diversity/educators/index.html.
  • Manitoba Education. 2015b. English Language Arts: A Foundation for Implementation–Kindergarten. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/ela/docs/outcomes/index.html.
  • McCain, Margaret, Fraser Mustard, and Kerry McCuaig. 2011. Early Years Study 3: Making Decisions, Taking Action. Toronto, ON: Margaret and Wallace McCain Family Foundation.
  • Mccaslin, M., and D. T. Hickey. 2001. “Self-Regulated Learning and Academic Achievement: A Vygotskian View.” In Self-Regulated learning and Academic Achievement: Theoretical Perspectives, edited by B. J. Zimmerman and D. H. Schunk, 227–252. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • McClelland, Megan, John Geldhof, Fred Morrison, Steinunn Gestsdóttir, Claire Cameron, Ed Bowers, Angela Duckworth, Todd Little, and Jennie Grammer. 2018. “Self-Regulation.” In Handbook of Life Course Health Development, edited by Neal Halfon, Christopher B. Forrest, Richard M. Lerner, and Elaine M. Faustman, 275–298. Charm: Springer.
  • Ministère de l’Éducation. 2021. Québec education program–preschool education: Preschool Cycle Program. Retrieved from: http://www.education.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/site_web/documents/education/jeunes/pfeq/Programme-cycle-prescolaire-AN.pdf.
  • Murray, Desiree, Katie Rosanbalm, Christina Christopoulos, and Amar Hamoudi. 2015. Self-regulation and Toxic Stress: Foundations for Understanding Self-Regulation from an Applied Developmental Perspective (OPRE Report 2015-21). Washington, DC: Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
  • Northwest Territories. 2014. Integrated Kindergarten Curriculum: A Holistic Approach to Children’s Early Learning. Retrieved from http://library.assembly.gov.nt.ca/2014/ECE/a355856.pdfs.
  • Offord Centre for Child Studies. 2010. Early Development Instrument. Retrieved from: https://edi.offordcentre.com/.
  • Ontario Ministry of Education (OME). 2010. The Full-Day Early Learning-Kindergarten Program. Ottawa, ON: Queen’s Printer for Ontario.
  • Ontario Ministry of Education (OME). 2014. Excerpts from “ELECT”: Foundational Knowledge from the 2007 Publication of Early Learning for Every Child Today: A Framework for Ontario Early Childhood Settings. Toronto, ON: Queen’s Printer for Ontario.
  • Ontario Ministry of Education (OME). 2016. The Kindergarten Program. Ottawa, ON: Queen’s Printer for Ontario.
  • Panadero, Ernesto, Heidi Andrade, and Susan Brookhart. 2018. “Fusing Self-Regulated Learning and Formative Assessment: A Roadmap of Where we are, how we got Here, and Where We Are Going.” Australian Educational Researcher 45 (1): 13–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-018-0258-y.
  • Perry, Nancy. 2019. “Recognizing Early Childhood as a Critical Time for Developing and Supporting Self-Regulation.” Metacognition and Learning 14 (3): 327–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-019-09213-8.
  • Ponitz, C. C., M. M. Mcclelland, J. M. Matthews, and F. J. Morrison. 2009. “A Structured Observation of Behavioral Self-Regulation and its Contribution to Kindergarten Outcomes.” Developmental Psychology 45: 605–619.
  • Prince Edward Island. 2008. Kindergarten Integrated Curriculum Document. Retrieved from http://www.gov.pe.ca/photos/original/k_doc.pdf.
  • Raffaelli, M., L. J. Crockett, and Y.-L. Shen. 2005. “Developmental Stability and Change in Self-Regulation from Childhood to Adolescence.” The Journal of Genetic Psychology 166 (1): 54–76. https://doi.org/10.3200/GNTP.166.1.54-76
  • Raver, C. Cybele, Stephanie M. Jones, Christine Li-Grining, Fuhua Zhai, Kristen Bub, and Emily Pressler. 2011. “CSRP’s Impact on Low-Income Preschoolers’ Preacademic Skills: Self-Regulation as a Mediating Mechanism.” Child Development 82 (1): 362–378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01561.x.
  • Rimm-Kaufman, Sara E., Tim W. Curby, Kevin J. Grimm, Lori Nathanson, and Laura L. Brock. 2009. “The Contribution of Children’s Self-Regulation and Classroom Quality to Children’s Adaptive Behaviors in the Kindergarten Classroom.” Developmental Psychology 45 (4): 958–972. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015861.
  • Saskatchewan Ministry of Education. 2010. Saskatchewan Curriculum: Kindergarten. Retrieved from https://www.curriculum.gov.sk.ca/webapps/moecurriculumBBLEARN/index.jsp?kindergarten=true&view=kindergarten_home&lang=en&subj=kindergarten&level=k#.
  • Shanker, S. 2012. “Report of the 2012 thinker in residence: Self-regulation. Commissioner for Children and Young People.” Accessed February 1, 2022. https://www.ccyp.wa.gov.au/media/1769/report-2012-thinker-in-residence-stuart-shanker-june-2012.pdf.
  • Shanker, Stuart. 2016. Self-Reg: How to Help Your Child (and you) Break the Stress Cycle and Successfully Engage with Life. Toronto, ON: Penguin Press.
  • Sharp, E. 2021. “Exploring early childhood educators and teachers’ beliefs and operationalization of self-regulation in Ontario kindergarten classrooms.” Doctoral Dissertation, Faculty of Education, Queen’s University.
  • Silkenbeumer, Judith Rebecca, Eva-Maria Schiller, and Joscha Kärtner. 2018. “Co- and Self-Regulation of Emotions in the Preschool Setting.” Early Childhood Research Quarterly 44:72–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.02.014.
  • Timmons, K. 2018. “Educator Expectations in Full-Day Kindergarten: Comparing the Factors That Contribute to the Formation of Early Childhood Educator and Teacher Expectations.” Early Childhood Education Journal 46 (6): 613–628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-018-0891-0.
  • Timmons, K. 2019. “Kindergarten Expectations and Outcomes: Understanding the Influence of Educator and Child Expectations on Children’s Self-Regulation, Early Reading, and Vocabulary Outcome.” Journal of Research in Childhood Education 33 (3): 471–489. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2019.1609144.
  • Timmons, K., J. Pelletier, and C. Corter. 2016. “Understanding Children’s Self-Regulation Within Different Classroom Contexts.” Early Child Development and Care 186 (2): 249–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2015.1027699.
  • Vohs, Kathleen D., and Roy F. Baumeister. 2017. Handbook of Self-Regulation: Research, Theory, and Applications. 3rd ed. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. 1978. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Williford, Amanda P., Jessica E. Vick Whittaker, Virginia E. Vitiello, and Jason T. Downer. 2013. “Children’s Engagement Within the Preschool Classroom and Their Development of Self-Regulation.” Early Education and Development 24 (2): 162–187. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2011.628270.
  • Wyman, P. A., W. Cross, C. Hendricks Brown, Q. Yu, X. Tu, and S. Eberly. 2010. “Intervention to Strengthen Emotional Self-Regulation in Children with Emerging Mental Health Problems: Proximal Impact on School Behavior.” Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 38 (5): 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9398-x.
  • Zimmerman, Barry J. 2000. “Self-Efficacy: An Essential Motive to Learn.” Contemporary Educational Psychology 25 (1): 82–91. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1016.
  • Zimmerman, Barry, and Dale Schunk. 2011. Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance. New York: Routledge.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.