Facilitators and barriers to attaining housing among 2SLGBTQ+adults with experiences of homelessness

References

• Abramovich, A. (2016). Preventing, reducing and ending 2SLGBTQ + 2S youth homelessness: The need for targeted strategies. Social Inclusion, 4(4), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i4.669
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abramovich, A. (2019). Creating 2SLGBTQ + 2S inclusive, affirming, and safe PiT counts. Canadian Observatory on Homelessness and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, A. M., & Hammarstedt, M. (2009). Detecting discrimination against homosexuals: Evidence from a field experiment on the internet. Economica, 76(303), 588–597. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0335.2008.00692.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alliance to End Homelessness Ottawa. (2016). 2016 Progress report on ending homelessness in Ottawa. https://www.endhomelessnessottawa.ca/progressreports.
   Google Scholar
• Arend, E. D. (2005). The politics of invisibility: Homophobia and low-income HIV-positive women who have sex with women. Journal of Homosexuality, 49(1), 97–122. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v49n01_05
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aubry, T., Nelson, G., & Tsemberis, S. (2015). Housing First for people with severe mental illness who are homeless: A review of the research and findings from the At Home-Chez SOI demonstration project. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 60(11), 467–474. 10.1177/070674371506001102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aubry, T., Duhoux, A., Klodawsky, F., Ecker, J., & Hay, E. (2016). A longitudinal study of predictors of housing stability, housing quality, and mental health functioning among single homeless individuals staying in emergency shelters. American Journal of Community Psychology, 58(1–2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badgett, M. V. L., Durso, L. E., & Schneebaum, A. (2013). New patterns of poverty in the lesbian, gay, and bisexual community. The Williams Institute, UCLA Law School.
   Google Scholar
• Charmaz, K. (2006). Coding in grounded theory practice. In K. Charmaz, Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis (pp. 42–71). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Cochran, S. D., Sullivan, J. G., & Mays, V. M. (2003). Prevalence of mental disorders, psychological distress, and mental health services use among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(1), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.71.1.53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dworsky, A. L., & Piliavin, I. (2000). Homeless spell exits and returns: Substantive and methodological elaborations on recent studies. Social Service Review, 74(2), 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1086/514476
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ecker, J. (2017). LGBTQ2S Adult Housing Needs Assessment. Retrieved from: https://homelesshub.ca/resource/lgbtq2s-adulthousing-needs-assessment
   Google Scholar
• Ecker, J., Aubry, T., & Sylvestre, J. (2019). A Review of the Literature on LGBTQ Adults Who Experience Homelessness. Journal of Homosexuality, 66(3), 297–323.
   Google Scholar
• Ecker, J., Aubry, T., & Sylvestre, J. (2022). Experiences of LGBTQ Adults Who Have Accessed Emergency Shelters in a Large Urban City in Canad. Social Work in Public Health, 37(2), 168–185.
   Google Scholar
• Employment and Social Development Canada. (2019). Everyone counts 2018: Highlights –preliminary results from the second nationally coordinated point-in-time count of homelessness in Canadian communities. https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/esdc-edsc/documents/programs/homelessness/reports/1981-Reaching_Home-PIT-EN_(3).pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Employment and Social Development Canada. (2021). The National Shelter Study – emergency shelter use in Canada 2005 to 2016. https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/esdc-edsc/documents/programs/homelessness/publications-bulletins/national-shelter-study/2255-National_Shelter_Study-EN.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• England, E. (2022). ‘Homelessness is a queer experience’: Utopianism and mutual aid as survival strategies for homeless trans people. Housing Studies, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2022.2108381
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finlay, L. (2002). Outing the researcher: The provenance, principles and practice of reflexivity. Qualitative Health Research, 12(4), 531–545. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973202129120052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, B., Chisholm, E., & Pierse, N. (2021). “You’re so powerless”: Takatāpui/LGBTIQ+people’s experiences before becoming homeless in Aotearoa New Zealand. PLoS One, 16(12), e0259799. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259799
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman, S., Reynolds, A., Scovill, S., Brassier, F. R., Campbell, R., & Ballou, M. (2013). An estimate of housing discrimination against same-sex couples. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research.
   Google Scholar
• Gaetz, S., Dej, E., Richter, T., & Redman, M. (2016). The state of homelessness in Canada 2016. Canadian Homelessness Research Network Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gonzales, G., Przedworski, J., & Henning-Smith, C. (2016). Comparison of health and health risk factors between lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults and heterosexual adults in the United States: Results from the National Health Interview Survey. JAMA Internal Medicine, 176(9), 1344–1351. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.3432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Government of Canada. (2018). Canada’s National Housing Strategy: A Place to Call Home. Retrieved from: https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2018/edsc-esdc/Em12-54-2018-eng.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hall, W. A., & Callery, P. (2001). Enhancing the rigor of grounded theory: Incorporating reflexivity and relationality. Qualitative Health Research, 11(2), 257–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973201129119082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerridge, B. T., Pickering, R. P., Saha, T. D., Ruan, W. J., Chou, S. P., Zhang, H., Jung, J., & Hasin, D. S. (2017). Prevalence, sociodemographic correlates and DSM-5 substance use disorders and other psychiatric disorders among sexual minorities in the United States. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 170, 82–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khandor, E., Mason, K., Chambers, C., Rossiter, K., Cowan, L., & Hwang, S. W. (2011). Access to primary health care among homeless adults in Toronto, Canada: Results from the Street Health survey. Open Medicine, 5(2), E94–E103.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• King, M., Semlyen, J., Tai, S. S., Killaspy, H., Osborn, D., Popelyuk, D., & Nazareth, I. (2008). A systematic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self-harm in lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. BMC Psychiatry, 8(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-8-70
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Levy, D. K., Wissoker, D., Aranda, C. L., Howell, B., Pitingolo, R., Sewell, S., Santos, R. (2017). A paired-testing pilot study of housing discrimination against same-sex couples and transgender individuals. Urban Institute. http://www.urban.org/research/publication/paired-testing-pilot-study-housing-discrimination-against-same-sex-couples-and-transgender-individuals/view/full_report.
   Google Scholar
• Lombardi, E. (2007). Substance use treatment experiences of transgender/transsexual men and women. Journal of LGBT Health Research, 3 (2), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1300/J463v03n02_05
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2011). Designing qualitative research (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Matthews, P., Poyner, C., & Kjellgren, R. (2019). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer experiences of homelessness and identity: Insecurity and home(o)normativity. International Journal of Housing Policy, 19(2), 232–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2018.1519341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maxwell, J. A. (1998). Designing a qualitative study. In L. Bickman & D.J. Rog (Eds.), Handbook of applied social research methods (pp.69–100). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• McCabe, S. E., Bostwick, W. B., Hughes, T. L., West, B. T., & Boyd, C. J. (2010). The relationship between discrimination and substance use disorders among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 100 (10), 1946–1952. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.163147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melendez, R. M., & Pinto, R. M. (2009). HIV prevention and primary care for transgender women in a community-based clinic. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 20(5), 387–397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2009.06.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meris, D. (2001). Responding to the mental health and grief concerns of homeless HIV-infected gay men. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 13(4), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1300/J041v13n04_12
   Google Scholar
• Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Munro, A., Reynolds, V., & Townsend, M. (2017). Youth wisdom, harm reduction & Housing First: RainCity Housing’s queer & trans youth housing project. In A. Abramovich & J. Shelton (Eds.), Where am i going to go? Intersectional approaches to ending 2SLGBTQ + 2S youth homelessness in Canada & the U.S. Canadian Observatory on Homelessness Press.
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, M. L., Currie, L., Rezansoff, S., & Somers, J. M. (2015). Exiting homelessness: Perceived changes, barriers, and facilitators among formerly homeless adults with mental disorders. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 38(1), 81–87. https://doi.org/10.1037/prj0000101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter, M., Russell, C., & Sullivan, G, Social Services. (2003). Gay, old, and poor. Journal of Gay & Lesbian, 16, 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1300/J041v16n02_03
   Google Scholar
• Sakamoto, I., Chin, M., Chapra, A., & Ricciardi, J. (2009). A “normative” homeless woman? Marginalisation, emotional injury, and social support of transwomen experiencing homelessness. Gay & Lesbian Issues and Psychology Review, 5, 2–19.
   Google Scholar
• Saldana, J. (2009). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Senreich, E. (2010). Are specialized LGBT program components helpful for gay and bisexual men in substance abuse treatment? Substance Use & Misuse, 45(7–8), 1077–1096. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826080903483855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• St. Louis, K., & Barton, A. C. (2002). Tales from the science education crypt: A critical reflection of positionality, subjectivity, and reflexivity in research. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung [Forum: Qualitative Social Research], 3(3).
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2019). Focus on geography series, 2016 Census. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/as-sa/fogs-spg/Facts-csd-eng.cfm?LANG=Eng&GK=CSD&GC=3506008&TOPIC=1.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2021). Socioeconomic characteristics of the lesbian, gay and bisexual population, 2015–2018. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/210326/dq210326a-eng.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Weber, G. (2008). Using to numb the pain: Substance use and abuse among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 30 (1), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.30.1.2585916185422570
   Google Scholar
• Winkle, C. R., & Ward-Chene, D. G. (1992). Power, social support, and HIV-related service use: The roles of community and homelessness. Journal of Health & Social Policy, 4(2), 47–72. https://doi.org/10.1300/J045v04n02_04
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zlotnick, C., Robertson, M. J., & Lahiff, M. (1999). Getting off the streets: Economic resources and residential exits from homelessness. Journal of Community Psychology, 27(2), 209–224. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(199903)27:2<209::AID-JCOP8>3.0.CO;2-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar