The evolution of spatial codes in informal urbanism: analysis of residential patterns in Palestinian-Israeli towns

References

• Abu-Lughod, J. 1971. “North African Cities Blend the Past to Face the Future.” African Reports 16 (6): 12–15.
   Google Scholar
• Akbar, J. 1988. Crisis in the Built Environment: The Case of the Muslim City. Leiden: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Alfasi, N. 2014. “Doomed to Informality: Familial versus Modern Planning in Arab Towns in Israel.” Planning Theory & Practice 15 (2): 170–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2014.903291.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Haj, M. 1995. “Kinship and Modernization in Developing Societies: The Emergence of Instrumentalized Kinship.” Journal of Comparative Family Studies 25:311–328. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/kinship-modernization-developing-societies/docview/232574359/se-2
   Google Scholar
• Arraf, S. 1985. The Arab Palestinian Village. Jerussalem: Institute for Palestine studies. in Arabic.
   Google Scholar
• Assche, V., R. B. Kristof, and M. Duineveld. 2014. “Formal/Informal Dialectics and the Self-Transformation of Spatial Planning Systems: An Exploration.” Administration & Society 46 (6): 654–683. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399712469194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bana, E., and H. Swede. 2012. Outline Planning for Arab Localities in Israel, Part A. Jerusalem: Bimkom and ACAP. http://eng.bimkom.org/_Uploads/31outlineplan.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Batty, M. 2005. Cities and Complexity: Understanding Cities with Cellular Automata, Agent Based Models, and Fractals. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Batty, M., and S. Marshall. 2012. “The Origins of Complexity Theory in Cities and Planning.” In Complexity Theories of Cities Have Come of Age: An Overview with Implications to Urban Planning and Design, edited by J. Portugali, H. Meyer, E. Stolk, and E. Tan, 21–55. Heidelberg & Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Bäuml, Y. 2007. A Blue and White Shadow. The Israeli Establishment’s Policy and Actions Among Its Arab Citizens: The Formative Years. in Hebrew. Haifa: Pardes 1958–1968
   Google Scholar
• Bawardi, H. “Housing and Location Choice Among Young Palestinians in Israel: Preferences of Residency.” MA diss. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Ben Hamouche, M. 2004. “The Changing Morphology of the Gulf Cities in the Age of Globalisation: The Case of Bahrain.” Habitat International 28 (4): 521–540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2003.10.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben Hamouche, M. 2009. “Can Chaos Theory Explain Complexity in Urban Fabric? Applications in Traditional Muslim Settlements.” Nexus Network Journal 11 (2): 217–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-008-0088-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boots, B., and A. Getis. 1988. Point Pattern Analysis. California: SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Chiodelli, F., and S. Moroni. 2014. “The Complex Nexus Between Informality and the Law: Reconsidering Unauthorised Settlements in Light of the Concept of Nomotropism.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 51:161–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.11.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiodelli, F., and E. Tzfadia. 2016. “The Multi Faceted Relation Between Formal Institutions and the Production of Informal Urban Spaces: An Editorial Introduction.” Geography Research Forum 36:1–14. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Multifaceted-Relation-between-Formal-and-the-of-Chiodelli-Tzfadia/0564c093f1f3ebae7f1ffa9f50089a1856c4c53a?utm_source=direct_link
   Google Scholar
• Cozzolino, S. 2020. “The (Anti) Adaptive Neighbourhoods. Embracing Complexity and Distribution of Design Control in the Ordinary Built Environment.” Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 47 (2): 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808319857451.
   Google Scholar
• De Roo, G., J. Hillier, and J. Van Wezemael, eds. 2012. Complexity and Planning: Systems, Assemblages and Simulations. London and New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Eizenberg, E. 2019. “Patterns of Self-Organization in the Context of Urban Planning: Reconsidering Venues of participation”.” Planning Theory 18 (1): 40–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095218764225.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elsheshtawi, Y. 2004. Planning Middle Eastern Cities: An Urban Kaleidoscope in a Globalizing World. London and New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• El-Taji, M. “Arab Local Authorities in Israel: Hamulas, Nationalism and Dilemmas of Social Change.” PhD diss., University of Washington. 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Falah, G. 1989. “Israeli ‘Judaization’ Policy in Galilee and Its Impact on Local Arab Urbanization.” Political Geography Quarterly 8 (3): 229–253.‏. https://doi.org/10.1016/0260-9827(89)90040-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falah, G. 2003. “Dynamics and Patterns of the Shrinking of Arab Lands in Palestine.” Political Geography 22 (2): 179–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-6298(02)00088-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, B. 2001. “Julian of Ascalon’s Treatise of Construction and Design Rules from Sixth- Century Palestine.” Journal of the Society of Architecture Historians 60 (1): 4–25. https://doi.org/10.2307/991676.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, B. 2008. “Mediterranean Urban and Building Codes: Origins, Content, Impact, and Lessons.” Urban Design International 13 (1): 21–40. https://doi.org/10.1057/udi.2008.4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hakim, B. 2010. Arabic- Islamic Cities: Building and Planning Principles. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hakim, B. 2014. Mediterranean Urbanism: Historic Urban/Building Rules and Processes. Dordrecht: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Hakim, B. 2019. Urban Rules and Process: Historic Lessons for Practice. Emergent City Press.
   Google Scholar
• ICBS (Israel Central Bureau of Statistics). 2024. Statistical Yearbook. Jerusalem: Central Bureau of Statistics Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 1994. “Centrifugal Factors and Their Effect on the Structure of Arab Localities.” In The Arab Localities in Israel; Geographical Process, edited by D. Grossman and A. Meir, 114–127. Jerusalem: Magnes. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 1999. The Provision of Public Land for Development in Arab Communities. Jerusalem: Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 2000. “Something Went Wrong on the Way to the City.” Pnim- Journal of Culture, Society and Education 13:78–83. in Hebrew. https://haifa-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/f/71u575/Alma_IHP7127551850002792.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 2002. In Preparation for Expanding the Jurisdiction of Arab Communities in Israel. Jerusalem: Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 2003. “The Mechanisms for Controlling the Land and Judaizing the Space.” In Bishem Habitahon, edited by M.-A. Haj and U. B. Eliezer, 421–448. Haifa: Haifa University.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 2004. Barriers to the Planning of Arab Localities in Israel. Jerusalem: Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Khamaisi, R. 2005. “Urbanization and Urbanism of Arab Settlements in Israel.” Horizons in Geography (Ofakim Be’geographia) 64–65:293–310. in Hebrew. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23716052.
   Google Scholar
• Lewin-Epstein, N., M. Al-Haj, and M. Semyonov. 1994. The Arabs in Israel in the Labor Market. Jerusalem: The Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Luz, N. 2007. On Land and Planning Majority-Minority Narrative in Israel: The Misgav-Sakhnin Conflict As Parable. Jerusalem: The Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Fakhoury T. Maisa, and N. Alfasi. 2017. “From Abstract Principles to Specific Urban Order: Applying Complexity Theory for Analyzing Arab-Palestinian Towns in Israel.” Cities 62:28–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.12.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fakhoury T. Maisa, and N. Alfasi. 2018. “When Contradicting Public Space Regimes Collide: The Case of Palestinian Israeli Towns.” The Geographical Journal 184 (4): 429–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meir-Brodnitz, M. 1986. “The Suburbanization of Arab Settlements in Israel.” Horizons in Geography (Ofakim Be’geographia) 17-18:105–123. in Hebrew. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23697714.
   Google Scholar
• Moroni, S. 2010. “Rethinking the Theory and Practice of Land-Use Regulation: Towards Nomocracy.” Planning Theory 9 (2): 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095209357868.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moroni, S. 2015. “Complexity and the Inherent Limits of Explanation and Prediction: Urban Codes for Self-Organizing Cities.” Planning Theory 14 (3): 248–267. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095214521104.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasser, K. 2012. Severe Housing Distress and Destruction of Arab Homes: Obstacles and Recommendations for Change. Haifa: Dirasat. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Pappe, I. 1992. The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947–1951. London and New York: I.B. Tauris.
   Google Scholar
• Portugali, J. 1999. Self Organization and the City. Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Rauws, W. “Why Planning Needs Complexity: Towards an Adaptive Approach for Guiding Urban and Peri-Urban Transformations.” PhD diss., University of Groningen, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Roy, A. 2005. “Urban Informality: Toward an Epistemology of Planning.” Journal of the American Planning Association 71 (2): 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360508976689.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy, A. 2011. “Slumdog Cities: Rethinking Subaltern Urbanism.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 35 (2): 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2011.01051.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salingaros, N. 2000. “Complexity and Urban Coherence.” Journal of Urban Design 5 (3): 291–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/713683969.
   Google Scholar
• Schnell, I., and A. Fares. 1996. Towards High-Density Housing in Arab Localities in Israel. Jerusalem: The Floersheimer Institute for Policy Studies. in Hebrew.
   Google Scholar
• Silva, P., and H. Farrall. 2016. “Lessons from Informal Settlements: A ‘Peripheral’ Problem with Self-Organising Solutions.” Town Planning Revie 87 (3): 297–319. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2016.21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suhartini, N., and P. Jones. 2020. “Better Understanding Self-Organizing Cities: A Typology of Order and Rules in Informal Settlements.” Journal of Regional & City Planning 31 (3): 237–263. https://doi.org/10.5614/jpwk.2020.31.3.2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talen, E. 2009. “Design by the Rules.” Journal of the American Planning Association 75 (2): 144–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360802686662.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Totry, M. 2023. “Power Dynamics and Self-Organizing Urbanism- a Comment.” Planning Theory 22 (4): 458–461. https://doi.org/10.1177/14730952231196332.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yashiv, E., and N. Kaisar. 2013. “Arab Women in the Israeli Labor Market: Characteristics and Policy Proposals.” Israeli Economic Review 10 (2): 1–41.
   Google Scholar
• Yazbak, M. 2004. “The Arabs in Haifa: From Majority to Minority, Processes of Change (1870-1948).” In The Israeli Palestinians: An Arab Minority in the Jewish State, edited by A. Bligh, 123–148. London: Frank Cass Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Yiftachel, O. 1991. “State Policies, Land Control, and an Ethnic Minority: The Arabs in the Galillee Region, Isarel.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 9 (3): 329–362. https://doi.org/10.1068/d090329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yiftachel, O. 1999. “Ethnocracy: The Politics of Judaizing Israel/Palestine.” PRAXIS International 6 (3): 364–390. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.00151.
   Google Scholar
• Yiftachel, O. 2000. Land, Planning and Equity: The Division of Space Between Jews and Arabs in Israel. Tel Aviv: Adva Center.
   Google Scholar
• Yiftachel, O. 2009. “Theoretical Notes on “Gray Cities”: The Coming of Urban Apartheid?” Planning Theory 8 (1): 88–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095208099300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar