Behaviour of enzymatic soil stabilization at elevated temperatures using advanced micro structural investigations

References

• 1289.3.1.1, A., Methods of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes, Method 3.1.1: Soil Classification Tests - Determination of the Liquid Limit of a Soil - Four Point Casagrande Method. 2009.
   Google Scholar
• 1289.3.3.1, A., Methods of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes Soil Classification Tests - Calculation of the Plasticity Index of a Soil. 2009.
   Google Scholar
• 1289.3.4.1, A., Methods of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes Soil Classification Tests - Determination of the Linear Shrinkage of a Soil - Standard Method. 2008.
   Google Scholar
• 1289.3.6.1, A., Methods of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes - Soil Classification Tests - Determination of the Particle Size Distribution of a Soil - Standard Method of Analysis by Sieving. 2009.
   Google Scholar
• 2009, A., Methods of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes Method 3.2.1: Soil Classification Tests-Determination of the Plastic Limit of a Soil Standard Method
   Google Scholar
• Afrin, H. 2017. “A review on different types soil stabilization techniques.” International Journal of Transportation Engineering Technology 3 (2): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20170302.12.
   Google Scholar
• Almajed, A., H. Khodadadi Tirkolaei, and E. Kavazanjian Jr. 2018. “Baseline investigation on enzyme-induced calcium carbonate precipitation.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 144 (11): 04018081.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amšiejus, J., N. Dirgėlienė, A. Norkus, and Š. Skuodis. 2014. “Comparison of Sandy Soil Shear Strength Parameters Obtained by Various Construction Direct Shear Apparatuses.” Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 14 (2): 327–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2013.11.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aryal, S., and P. Kolay. 2020. “Long-Term Durability of Ordinary Portland Cement and Polypropylene Fibre Stabilized Kaolin Soil Using Wetting–Drying and Freezing–Thawing Test.” International Journal of Geosynthetics & Ground Engineering 6 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-020-0191-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bin-Shafique, S., K. Rahman, M. Yaykiran, and I. Azfar. 2010. “The Long-Term Performance of Two Fly Ash Stabilized Fine-Grained Soil Subbases.” Resources, Conservation & Recycling 54 (10): 666–672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.11.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Considine, M. 1984. “Soils Shrink, Trees Drink and Houses Crack.” Journal ECOS Magazine 41:13–15.
   Google Scholar
• Dang, L. 2015. “Influence of Bagasse Ash and Hydrated Lime on Strength and Mechanical Behaviour of Stabilised Expansive Soil.” Journal GEOQuébec. https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/handle/10453/37558.
   Google Scholar
• Dawson, A. R., P. K. Dehdezi, M. R. Hall, J. Wang, and R. Isola. 2012. “Enhancing Thermal Properties of Asphalt Materials for Heat Storage and Transfer Applications.” Road Materials and Pavement Design 13 (4): 784–803. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2012.735791.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George, S., D. Ponniah, and J. Little. 1992. “Effect of temperature on lime-soil stabilization.” Construction and Building Materials 6 (4): 247–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(92)90050-9.
   Google Scholar
• Hildebrand, T., and P. Rüegsegger. 1997. “Quantification of Bone Microarchitecture with the Structure Model Index.” Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 1 (1): 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495739708936692.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hover, K. 1993. “Why is There Air in Concrete?” Journal Concrete Construction 38 (1): 11–15.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, L., and I. Jefferson. 2012. “ChapterC5 expansive soils.” ICE manual of geotechnical engineering 1:413–441.
   Google Scholar
• Li, J., D. A. Cameron, and G. Ren. 2014. “Case Study and Back Analysis of a Residential Building Damaged by Expansive Soils.” Journal Computers Geotechnics 56:89–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2013.11.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y. J., L. Li, and H. C. Dan. 2011. “Study on Application of TerraZyme in Road Base Course of Road.” Applied Mechanics and Materials 97–98:1098–1108. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.97-98.1098.
   Google Scholar
• Li, L., X.-A. Li, Li Wang, Bo Hong, J. Shi, and J. Sun. 2021. “Correction To: The Effects of Soil Shrinkage During Centrifuge Tests on SWCC and Soil Microstructure Measurements.” Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 80 (1): 731–733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-02024-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorensen, W. E., and H. E. Cline. 1987. “Marching Cubes: A High Resolution 3D Surface Construction Algorithm.” In ACM Siggraph Computer Graphics, 163–169. ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics. https://doi.org/10.1145/37401.37422.
   Google Scholar
• Lorensen, W. E., and H.E.J.A.s.c.g. Cline. 1987. “Marching Cubes: A High Resolution 3D Surface Construction Algorithm.” ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 21 (4): 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1145/37402.37422.
   Google Scholar
• Marasteanu, M. O. 2005. “Preliminary Laboratory Investigation of Enzyme Solutions as a Soil Stabilizer.”
   Google Scholar
• Milburn, J. P., and R. L. Parsons. 2004. Performance of Soil Stabilization Agents. Kansas. Dept. of Transportation.
   Google Scholar
• Mishra, S., S. Sachdeva, and R. Manocha. 2019. “Subgrade soil stabilization using stone dust and coarse aggregate: A cost effective approach.” Journal International Journal of Geosynthetics Ground Engineering 5 (3): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40891-019-0171-0.
   Google Scholar
• Murmu, A. L., N. Dhole, and A. Patel. 2020. “Stabilisation of Black Cotton Soil for Subgrade Application Using Fly Ash Geopolymer.” Journal Road Materials Pavement Design 21 (3): 867–885. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2018.1530131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasrizar, A., M. Muttharam, and K. Illamparuthi. “Role of Lime Content on Soil-Lime Reaction Under Thermal Curing.” In Proceedings of Indian Geotechnical Conference–2010, GEOtrendz, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India, December 16. 2010.
   Google Scholar
• O’Donnell, B., A. S. Amir Sidiq, D. Robert, S. Setunge. 2022. Guidelines for Enzymatic Soil Stabilization. International conference on Variability of the Sun and sun-like stars: from asteroseismology to space weatherInternational conference on Variability of the Sun and sun-like stars: from asteroseismology to space weather, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, p. 373–398.
   Google Scholar
• Okeniyi, J. O., I. J. AMBROSE, S. O. OKPALA, O. M. OMONIYI, I. O. OLADELE, C. A. LOTO, and P. A. IDOWU POPOOLA. 2014. “Probability Density Fittings of Corrosion Test-Data: Implications on C6H15NO3 Effectiveness on Concrete Steel-Rebar Corrosion.” Sadhana 39 (3): 731–764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-014-0226-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Or, D., and M. Tuller. 2002. “Cavitation during desaturation of porous media under tension.” Journal Water Resources Research 38 (5): 19-1-19–14. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pooni, J., F. Giustozzi, D. Robert, S. Setunge, and B. O’Donnell. 2019a. “Durability of Enzyme Stabilized Expansive Soil in Road Pavements Subjected to Moisture Degradation.” Journal Transportation Geotechnics 21:100255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2019.100255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pooni, J., F. Giustozzi, D. Robert, S. Setunge, and B. O’Donnell. 2019b. “Durability of enzyme stabilized expansive soil in road pavements subjected to moisture degradation.” Transportation Geotechnics 21:100255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2019.100255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pooni, J., D. Robert, C. Gunasekara, F. Giustozzi, and S. Setunge. 2021. “Mechanism of Enzyme Stabilization for Expansive Soils Using Mechanical and Microstructural Investigation.” Journal International Journal of Geomechanics 21 (10): 04021191. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punthutaecha, K., A. J. Puppala, S. K. Vanapalli, and H. Inyang. 2006. “Volume Change Behaviors of Expansive Soils Stabilized with Recycled Ashes and Fibers.” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 18 (2): 295–306. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2006)18:2(295).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao, M., R. Scelza, and L. Gianfreda. 2014. “Soil enzymes.” Journal Enzymes in Agricultural Sciences 1–18. http://uploads.worldlibrary.net/uploads/pdf/20150423221243enzymes_june14.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Rauch, A. F., L. E. Katz, and H. M. J. W. Liljestrand. 1993. “An Analysis of the Mechanisms and Efficacy of Three Liquid Chemical Soil Stabilizers.” 1.
   Google Scholar
• Razavi, B. S., E. Blagodatskaya, and Y. Kuzyakov. 2016. “Temperature Selects for Static Soil Enzyme Systems to Maintain High Catalytic Efficiency.” Soil Biology & Biochemistry 97:15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.02.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renjith, R.2017 Enzyme Based Soil Stabilization for Unpaved Road Construction. In MATEC Web of Conferences, Seoul, South Korea. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713801002.
   Google Scholar
• Renjith, R., D. J. Robert, C. Gunasekara, S. Setunge, and B. O’Donnell. 2020. “Optimization of Enzyme-Based Soil Stabilization.” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 32 (5): 04020091. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003124.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, J. 2013. “Importance of the Particle Shape on Mechanical Properties of Soil Materials.” Luleå tekniska universitet.
   Google Scholar
• Saberi, M., C.-D. Annan, and J.-M. Konrad. 2018. “On the Mechanics and Modeling of Interfaces Between Granular Soils and Structural Materials.” Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 18 (4): 1562–1579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2018.06.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salimi, M., and A. Ghorbani. 2020. “Mechanical and Compressibility Characteristics of a Soft Clay Stabilized by Slag-Based Mixtures and Geopolymers.” Journal Applied Clay Science 184:105390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2019.105390.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidiq, A., R. J. Gravina, S. Setunge, and F. Giustozzi. 2019. “Microstructural Analysis of Healing Efficiency in Highly Durable Concrete.” Construction and Building Materials 215:969–983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidiq, A., D. Robert, R. Gravina, and F. Giustozzi. 2021. “Coupled FEM-Microstructural X-Ray Examination of a Controlled Internal Damage Approach for Concrete Samples.” Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 21 (2): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-021-00219-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidiq, A., D. J. Robert, B. O’Donnell, S. Setunge, A. Swarup, and F. Tostvrsnik. 2023. “Investigation of Enzyme–Based Soil Stabilization in Field Application.” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 35 (5): 04023086. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004742.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soil, E., Sko Soil Manual. 2015. Melbourne_Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Stabdard, A., AS 1289.5.1.1_Method of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes_method 5.1.1: Soil Compacting and Density Tests-Determination of the Dry Density/Moisture Content Relation of a Soil Using Standard Compactive Effort. 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Standard, A. 2008. “As 5101.4_Methods for Preperation and Testing of Stablized Materials_method 4: Unconfined Compression Strength of Compacted Materials.”
   Google Scholar
• Standard, A., Method of Testing Soils for Engineering Purposes_method 5.1.1: Soil Compacting and Density Tests-Determination of the Dry Density/Moisture Content Relation of a Soil Using Standard Compactive Effort. 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, M. M., M. S. Weiss, C. L. Goodale, M. B. Adams, I. J. Fernandez, D. P. German, S. D. Allison, et al. 2012. “Temperature Sensitivity of Soil Enzyme Kinetics Under N -Fertilization in Two Temperate Forests.” Journal Global Change Biology 18 (3): 1173–1184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02545.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabatabai, M. 1994. “Soil enzymes.” Journal Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 2 Microbiological Biochemical Properties 5:775–833. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.2.c37.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, A., R. Tripathi, and L. Yadu. 2018. “A Laboratory Investigation of Soil Stabilization Using Enzyme and Alkali-Activated Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag.” Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 43 (10): 5193–5202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-017-3033-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tisdall, J., and J. Oades. 1979. “Stabilization of Soil Aggregates by the Root Systems of Ryegrass.” Journal Soil Research 17 (3): 429–441. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR9790429.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadell, H. 1935. “Volume, Shape, and Roundness of Quartz Particles.” Journal the Journal of Geology 43 (3): 250–280. https://doi.org/10.1086/624298.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, J., A. C. Fayish, B. Hoffheins, and M. L. McCahan. 2021. “The Evaluation of Chemical Admixtures on the Performance of Cement Stabilized Materials in Cold Weather.” Journal Transportation Geotechnics 30:100618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2021.100618.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, D., R. Zentar, and N. E. Abriak. 2017. “Temperature-Accelerated Strength Development in Stabilized Marine Soils as Road Construction Materials.” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29 (5): 04016281. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001778.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe, L. H., and J. O. Thieme. 1964. “Physical and Thermal Properties of Frozen Soil and Ice.” Journal Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal 4 (1): 67–72. https://doi.org/10.2118/675-PA.
   Google Scholar
• Xie, Y., S. Costa, L. Zhou, and H. Kandra. 2020. “Mitigation of Desiccation Cracks in Clay Using Fibre and Enzyme.” Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 79 (8): 4429–4440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-020-01836-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamri, A. 1999. National Seminar on Mechanization in Oil Palm Plantation. Towards Improving Productivity Through Mechanization, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. PORIM.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., X. Wang, L. Shi, and Y. Yin. 2022. “Enzyme-Induced Carbonate Precipitation (EICP) Combined with Lignin to Solidify Silt in the Yellow River Flood Area.” Construction and Building Materials 339:127792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127792.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar