References
- Agamben, G.1998. Homo sacer: Sovereign power and bare life. Stanford university Press.
- Alarm Phone. 2021. CommemorAction: Solidarity with the families of the 91 people who disappeared at sea!. Alarm Phone Website. https://alarmphone.org/en/2021/02/09/commemoraction-91-people/?post_type_release_type=post.
- Alonso, A. D., and B. Nienass. 2016. Deaths, visibility, and responsibility: The politics of mourning at the US-Mexico border. Social Research an International Quarterly 83 (2):421–51. doi:10.1353/sor.2016.0036.
- Amnesty International. 2021. Croatia: European Court of Human Rights rules that authorities violated rights of child killed by train after pushback. Accessed November 18, 2021. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/11/croatia-european-court-of-human-rights-rules-that-authorities-violated-rights-of-child-killed-by-train-after-pushback/.
- Amoore, L. 2006. Biometric borders: Governing mobilities in the war on terror. Political Geography 25 (3):336–51.
- Aradau, C., and M. Tazzioli. 2019. Biopolitics multiple: Migration, extraction, subtraction. Millennium Journal of International Studies 48 (2):1–23. doi:10.1177/0305829819889139.
- Augustová, K. 2023. The case of migration at the Bosnian-Croatian border. In Migration and torture in today’s world, ed. F. Perocco, 139–60. US: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari.
- Augustová, K., H. Carrapico, and J. Obradović-Wochnik. 2021. Becoming a smuggler: Migration and violence at EU external borders. Geopolitics 28 (2):1–22. doi:10.1080/14650045.2021.1961223.
- Augustová, K., H. Carrapico, and J. Obradović-Wochnik. 2023. Push and back: The ripple effect of EU border externalisation from Croatia to Iran. Environment & Planning C Politics & Space 41 (5):847–65. doi:10.1177/23996544231163731.
- Balkan, O. 2015. Burial and belonging. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 15 (1):20–34. doi:10.1111/sena.12119.
- Bergesio, N., and L. Bialasiewicz. 2023. The entangled geographies of responsibility: Contested policy narratives of migration governance along the Balkan route. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 41 (1):33–55. doi:10.1177/02637758221137345.
- Bird, G., J. Obradovic‐Wochnik, A. R. Beattie, and P. Rozbicka. 2021. The ‘badlands’ of the ‘balkan route’: Policy and spatial effects on urban refugee housing. Global Policy 12:28–40.
- Centar za Mirovne Studije (CMS). 2023. ‘Refugees file a lawsuit to the constitutional court of Croatia: More than two years without effective investigation into a brutal pushback case which included sexual assault’. https://www.cms.hr/en/azil-i-integracijske-politike/izbjeglice-zrtve-pushbacka-podnijele-tuzbu-ustavnom-sudu-hrvatske-vise-od-dvije-godine-bez-ucinkovite-istrage.
- Conlon, D. 2010. Ties that bind: Governmentality, the state, and asylum in contemporary Ireland. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 28 (1):95–111.
- Council of Europe. 2019. Council resolution 2299: Pushback policies and practice in council of Europe member states. Accessed June 28, 2019. http://semantic-pace.net/tools/pdf.aspx?doc=aHR0cDovL2Fzc2VtYmx5LmNvZS5pbnQvbncveG1sL1hSZWYvWDJILURXLWV4dHIuYXNwP2ZpbGVpZD0yODA3NCZsYW5nPUVO&xsl=aHR0cDovL3NlbWFudGljcGFjZS5uZXQvWHNsdC9QZGYvWFJlZi1XRC1BVC1YTUwyUERGLnhzbA==&xsltparams=ZmlsZWlkPTI4MDc0.
- Cusumano, E. 2019. Straightjacketing migrant rescuers? The code of conduct on maritime NGOs. Mediterranean Politics 24 (1):106–14. doi:10.1080/13629395.2017.1381400.
- Cuttitta, P., J. Häberlein, and P. Pallister-Wilkins. 2019. Various actors: The border death regime. In Border deaths, ed. P. Cuttitta and T. Last, 35. US: Amsterdam University Press.
- Danewid, I. 2017. White innocence in the black mediterranean: Hospitality and the erasure of history. Third World Quarterly 38 (7):1674–89. doi:10.1080/01436597.2017.1331123.
- Danish Refugee Council. 2021. The Danish refugee council’s submission to the special rapporteur’s report on pushback practices and their impact on the human rights of migrants. https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/Migration/pushback/DRCSubmission-final.pdf.
- Darling, J. 2009. Becoming bare life: Asylum, hospitality, and the politics of encampment. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 27 (4):649–65.
- Davies, T., and A. Isakjee. 2019. Ruins of empire: Refugees, race and the postcolonial geographies of European migrant camps. Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 102:214–17. doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.09.031.
- Davies, T., A. Isakjee, and S. Dhesi. 2017. Violent inaction: The necropolitical experience of refugees in Europe. Antipode 49 (5):1263–84. doi:10.1111/anti.12325.
- Davies, T., A. Isakjee, and S. Dhesi. 2019. Informal migrant camps. In Handbook on critical geographies of migration, ed. K. Mitchell, R. Jones, and J. Fluri, 220–31. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Davies, T., A. Isakjee, L. Mayblin, and J. Turner. 2021. Channel crossings: Offshoring asylum and the afterlife of empire in the Dover Strait. Ethnic and Racial Studies 44 (13):2307–27.
- Davies, T., A. Isakjee, and J. Obradovic-Wochnik. 2023. Epistemic borderwork: Violent pushbacks, refugees, and the politics of knowledge at the EU border. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 113 (1):169–88. doi:10.1080/24694452.2022.2077167.
- De León, J. 2015. The land of open graves. Oakland, California: University of California Press.
- Díaz-Barriga, M., and M. E. Dorsey. 2020. Fencing in democracy. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
- Doty, R. L. 2011. Bare life: Border-crossing deaths and spaces of moral alibi. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 29 (4):599–612.
- ECCHR. 2020. Push-backs in Croatia: Complaint before the UN human rights committee. https://www.ecchr.eu/fileadmin/Fallbeschreibungen/Case_report_Croatia_UN_HRC_Dec2020.pdf.
- European Commission. 2021, Managing migration: EU financial support to Croatia. Accessed February 28, 2023. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-01/202101_managing-migration-eu-financial-support-to-croatia_en.pdf.
- Fanon, F. 1963. A dying colonialism. US: Grove Press.
- Foucault, M. 1976. “Society must be defended”: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1975-1976. US: Picador.
- Foucault, M. 1978. The history of sexuality, volume 1: An introduction. US: Pantheon Books.
- Fregonese, S., B. Isleyen, J. Rokem, and S. Nanado. 2020. Reading Reece jones’s violent borders: Refugees and the right to move. Political Geography 79:2–9. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.102129.
- Gilmore, R. W. 2007. Golden gulag: Prisons, surplus, crisis, and opposition in globalizing California. Vol. 21. Oakland: University of California Press.
- Guardian. 2020. Croatian police accused of spray-painting heads of asylum seekers. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/may/12/croatian-police-accused-of-shaving-and-spray-painting-heads-of-asylum-seekers.
- Horsti, K., and K. Neumann. 2019. Memorializing mass deaths at the border: Two cases from Canberra (Australia) and Lampedusa (Italy). Ethnic and Racial Studies 42 (2):141–58. doi:10.1080/01419870.2017.1394477.
- Human Rights Watch. 2022.Violence and pushbacks at Poland-Belarus border. https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/06/07/violence-and-pushbacks-poland-belarus-border.
- Iliadou, E. 2019. Border harms and everyday violence. The lived experiences of border crossers in Lesvos Island, Greece. PhD thesis, The Open University.
- Isakjee, A., T. Davies, J. Obradović‐Wochnik, and K. Augustová. 2020. Liberal violence and the racial borders of the European Union. Antipode 52 (6):1751–73. doi:10.1111/anti.12670.
- Jones, C. 2022. Gaza and the great march of return: Enduring violence and spaces of wounding. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 48 (2):1–14. doi:10.1111/tran.12567.
- Karamandidou, L., and B. Kasparek. 2022. From exception to extra-legal normality: Pushbacks and racist state violence against people crossing the Greek–Turkish land border. State Crime Journal 11 (1):12. doi:10.13169/statecrime.11.1.0012.
- Kovačević, N. 2021. Documenting human rights violations on the Serbian-Croatian border: Guidelines for reporting, Advocacy, and Strategic Litigation. US: Rosa Luxemburg.
- Kovras, I., and S. Robins. 2016. Death as the border: Managing missing migrants and unidentified bodies at the EU’s Mediterranean frontier. Political Geography 55:40–49. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2016.05.003.
- Laakkonen, V. 2022. Deaths, disappearances, borders: Migrant disappearability as a technology of deterrence. Political Geography 99:102767.
- Last, T. 2020. Introduction: A state-of-the-art exposition on border deaths. InBorder deaths. Causes, dynamics and consequences of migration-related mortality, ed. Cuttitta, P.and Last, T.]. Border deaths. Causes, dynamics and consequences of migration-related mortality, 21–33. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam Press.
- Last, T., G. Mirto, O. Ulusoy, I. Urquijo, J. Harte, N. Bami, M. Pérez Pérez, F. Macias Delgado, A. Tapella, A. Michalaki, et al. 2017. Deaths at the borders database: Evidence of deceased migrants’ bodies found along the southern external borders of the European Union. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43 (5):693–712. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2016.1276825.
- Lindberg, A. 2024. Researching border violence in an Indefensible Europe. Geopolitics 1–20.
- Locke, J. [1690] 1980. Second treatise of government. US: Hackett Publishing Co. Inc.
- Lo Presti, L. 2019. Terraqueous necropolitics: Unfolding the low-operational, forensic, and evocative mapping of Mediterranean Sea crossings in the age of lethal borders. Acme 18 (6):1347–67.
- Mah, A., and X. Wang. 2019. Accumulated injuries of environmental injustice: Living and working with petrochemical pollution in Nanjing, China. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109 (6):1–17. doi:10.1080/24694452.2019.1574551.
- Mayblin, L., M. Wake, and M. Kazemi. 2020. Necropolitics and the slow violence of the everyday: Asylum seeker welfare in the postcolonial present. Sociology 54 (1):107–23.
- Minca, C., and J. Collins. 2021. The game: Or,‘the making of migration’along the Balkan Route. Political Geography 91:102490. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2021.102490.
- Minca, C., A. Rijke, P. Pallister-Wilkins, M. Tazzioli, D. Vigneswaran, H. van Houtum, and A. van Uden. 2022. Rethinking the biopolitical: Borders, refugees, mobilities. Environment & Planning C Politics & Space 40 (1):3–30. doi:10.1177/2399654420981389.
- Moran, D.2016. Carceral geography: Spaces and practices of incarceration. Routledge.
- Mountz, A. 2020. The death of asylum. US: University of Minnesota Press.
- MUP. 2020. Reaction of the Croatian Ministry of the Interior to the article of the British news portal The Guardian. Press release. https://mup.gov.hr/news/response-of-the-ministry-of-the-interior-to-the-article-published-on-the-online-edition-of-the-british-daily-newspaper-the-guardian/286199.
- Nixon, R. 2011. Slow violence and the environmentalism of the Poor. Harvard University Press.
- OHCHR. 2021. Report on means to address the human rights impact of pushbacks of migrants on land and at sea. United Nations. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G21/106/33/PDF/G2110633.pdf?OpenElement.
- Pain, R. 2014. Everyday terrorism: Connecting domestic violence and global terrorism. Progress in Human Geography 38 (4):531–50.
- Pallister-Wilkins, P. 2022. Humanitarian Borders. US: Verso Books.
- Papailias, P. 2019. (Un) seeing dead refugee bodies: Mourning memes, spectropolitics, and the haunting of Europe. Media, Culture & Society 41 (8):1048–68. doi:10.1177/0163443718756178.
- Perl, G. 2017. Uncertain belongings: Absent mourning, burial, and post-mortem repatriations at the external border of the EU in Spain. In Final Journeys, 101–16. Routledge.
- Puar, J. K. 2017. The right to maim: Debility, capacity, disability. US: Duke University Press.
- Ralph, L. 2012. What wounds enable: The politics of disability and violence in Chicago. Disability Studies Quarterly 32 (3). doi:10.18061/dsq.v32i3.3270.
- Rexhepi, P. 2022. White Enclosures. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.
- Round, J., and I. Kuznetsova-Morenko. 2017. Necropolitics and the migrant as a political subject of disgust: The precarious everyday of Russia’s labour migrants. Politics of Precarity 198–223.
- Sajjad, T. 2022. Strategic cruelty: Legitimizing violence in the European Union’s border Regime. Global Studies Quarterly 2 (2):ksac008. doi:10.1093/isagsq/ksac008.
- Sandset, T. 2021. The necropolitics of COVID-19: Race, class and slow death in an ongoing pandemic. Global Public Health 16 (8–9):1411–23. doi:10.1080/17441692.2021.1906927.
- Sanyal, D. 2019. Humanitarian detention and figures of persistence at the border. Critical Times 2 (3):435–65. doi:10.1215/26410478-7862552.
- Schinas, M. 2022. Croatia to join schengen area & eurozone on Sunday, January 1, Schengen Visa News: https://www.schengenvisainfo.com/news/croatia-to-join-schengen-area-eurozone-on-sunday-january-1/
- Schindel, E. 2022. Death by ‘nature’: The European border regime and the spatial production of slow violence. Environment & Planning C Politics & Space 40 (2):428–46.
- Shewly, H. J. 2013. Abandoned spaces and bare life in the enclaves of the India–Bangladesh border. Political Geography 32:23–31. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2012.10.007.
- Sparke, M. 2017. Austerity and the embodiment of neoliberalism as ill-health: Towards a theory of biological sub-citizenship. Social Science & Medicine 187:287–95. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.12.027.
- Sparke, M. B. 2018. Welcome, its suppression, and the in-between spaces of refugee sub-citizenship–commentary to Gill. Fennia-International Journal of Geography 196 (2):215–19. doi:10.11143/fennia.70999.
- Squire, V. 2017. Governing migration through death in Europe and the US: Identification, burial and the crisis of modern humanism. European Journal of International Relations 23 (3):513–32. doi:10.1177/1354066116668662.
- Stepputat, F. 2020. Governing the dead. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
- Stierl, M. 2016. Contestations in death — the role of grief in migration struggles. Citizenship Studies 20 (2):173–91. doi:10.1080/13621025.2015.1132571.
- Stojić Mitrović, M. S., and A. Vilenica. 2019. Enforcing and disrupting circular movement in an EU Borderscape: Housingscaping in Serbia. Citizenship Studies 23 (6):1–19. doi:10.1080/13621025.2019.1634368.
- Stümer, J. 2018. The dead are coming: Border politics and necropower in Europe. Cultural Politics 14 (1):20–39. doi:10.1215/17432197-4312856.
- Tazzioli, M. 2019. The making of migration. London: SAGE Publications Limited.
- Tazzioli, M. 2021. “Choking without killing”: Opacity and the grey area of migration governmentality. Political Geography 89:102412. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2021.102412.
- Tyner, J. 2019. Dead labor: Toward a political economy of premature death. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- UNHCR. 2021. UNHCR concerned by Hungary’s latest measures affecting access to asylum, https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2021/3/6048976e4/unhcr-concerned-hungarys-latest-measures-affecting-access-asylum.html.
- Vaughan-Williams, N. 2015. Europe’s border crisis. US: Oxford University Press.
- Wells, C. 2019. From homo sacer to homo dolorosus: Biopower and the politics of suffering. European Journal of Social Theory 22 (3):416–31. doi:10.1177/1368431019837900.