Drivers and barriers in farmers’ adoption of vermicomposting as keys for sustainable agricultural waste management

References

• Adhikari, P., Araya, H., Aruna, G., Balamatti, A., Banerjee, S., Baskaran, P., Barah, B., Behera, D., Berhe, T., & Boruah, P. (2018). System of crop intensification for more productive, resource-conserving, climate-resilient, and sustainable agriculture: Experience with diverse crops in varying agroecologies. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2017.1402504
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appala, V. N. S. G., Pandhare, N. N., & Bajpai, S. (2022). Biorefining of leather solid waste to harness energy and materials—A review. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02455-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ardebili, S. M. S. (2020). Green electricity generation potential from biogas produced by anaerobic digestion of farm animal waste and agriculture residues in Iran. Renewable Energy, 154, 29–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.02.102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagheri, A., Bondori, A., Allahyari, M. S., & Damalas, C. A. (2019). Modeling farmers’ intention to use pesticides: An expanded version of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Environmental Management, 248, 109291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahrololoum, S., Kermani, M. M. M., & Koohzadi, F. (2022). Ecopreneurs and agricultural waste management. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 12(1), 47–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40497-022-00311-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barragán-Ocaña, A., & del-Valle-Rivera, M. d. C. (2016). Rural development and environmental protection through the use of biofertilizers in agriculture: An alternative for underdeveloped countries? Technology in Society, 46, 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2016.06.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentley, J. W., Van Mele, P., Barres, N. F., Okry, F., & Wanvoeke, J. (2019). Smallholders download and share videos from the Internet to learn about sustainable agriculture. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 17(1), 92–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2019.1567246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhat, S. A., Singh, J., & Vig, A. P. (2018). Earthworms as organic waste managers and biofertilizer producers. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 9(7), 1073–1086. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-9899-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birt, L., Scott, S., Cavers, D., Campbell, C., & Walter, F. (2016). Member checking: A tool to enhance trustworthiness or merely a nod to validation? Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1802–1811. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732316654870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrelli, P., Robinson, D. A., Fleischer, L. R., Lugato, E., Ballabio, C., Alewell, C., Meusburger, K., Modugno, S., Schütt, B., & Ferro, V. (2017). An assessment of the global impact of 21st century land use change on soil erosion. Nature Communications, 8(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02142-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, D. T., Hynds, P., & Priyadarshini, A. (2023). Quantifying farm-to-fork greenhouse gas emissions for five dietary patterns across Europe and North America: A pooled analysis from 2009 to 2020. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 12, 100108.
   Google Scholar
• Chalise, D., Kumar, L., & Kristiansen, P. (2019). Land degradation by soil erosion in Nepal: A review. Soil Systems, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems3010012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deguine, J.-P., Aubertot, J.-N., Flor, R. J., Lescourret, F., Wyckhuys, K. A., & Ratnadass, A. (2021). Integrated pest management: Good intentions, hard realities. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 41(3), 38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-021-00689-w
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edgerton, E., McKechnie, J., & Dunleavy, K. (2009). Behavioral determinants of household participation in a home composting scheme. Environment and Behavior, 41(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916507311900
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAO. (2014). Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems Guidelines. https://www.fao.org/3/i3957e/i3957e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• FAO. (2017). Clean Air Law. FAOLEX. https://leap.unep.org/countries/ir/national-legislation/clean-air-law.
   Google Scholar
• Fróna, D., Szenderák, J., & Harangi-Rákos, M. (2019). The challenge of feeding the world. Sustainability, 11(5816), Article 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205816
   Google Scholar
• Furlong, C., Rajapaksha, N. S., Butt, K. R., & Gibson, W. T. (2017). Is composting worm availability the main barrier to large-scale adoption of worm-based organic waste processing technologies? Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 1026–1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.226
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gebrehana, Z. G., Gebremikael, M. T., Beyene, S., Wesemael, W. M., & De Neve, S. (2022). Assessment of trade-offs, quantity, and biochemical composition of organic materials and farmer’s perception towards vermicompost production in smallholder farms of Ethiopia. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 24(2), 540–552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-021-01339-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golshan, M., Faghihi, M., Roushan-Zamir, T., Marandi, M. M., Esteki, B., Dadvand, P., Farahmand-Far, H., Rahmati, S., & Islami, F. (2002). Early effects of burning rice farm residues on respiratory symptoms of villagers in suburbs of Isfahan, Iran. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 12(2), 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603120220129283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-Esquivel, C. E., Camacho-Moreno, E., Larrondo-Posadas, L., Sum-Rojas, C., de León-Cifuentes, W. E., Vital-Peralta, E., Astier, M., & López-Ridaura, S. (2020). Sustainability of agroecological interventions in small scale farming systems in the Western Highlands of Guatemala. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 18(4), 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2020.1770152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grasserová, A., Hanč, A., Innemanová, P., & Cajthaml, T. (2020). Composting and vermicomposting used to break down and remove pollutants from organic waste: A mini review. European Journal of Environmental Sciences, 10(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.14712/23361964.2020.2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, Y., & Liu, Y. (2022). Sustainable poverty alleviation and green development in China’s underdeveloped areas. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 32(1), 23–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-021-1932-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kauser, H., & Khwairakpam, M. (2022). 11—Composting and vermicomposting of obnoxious weeds—A novel approach for the degradation of allelochemicals. In C. Hussain, & S. Hait (Eds.), Advanced organic waste management (pp. 175–192). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85792-5.00016-2
   Google Scholar
• Kopittke, P. M., Menzies, N. W., Wang, P., McKenna, B. A., & Lombi, E. (2019). Soil and the intensification of agriculture for global food security. Environment International, 132, 105078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kothe, E. J., Ling, M., North, M., Klas, A., Mullan, B. A., & Novoradovskaya, L. (2019). Protection motivation theory and pro-environmental behaviour: A systematic mapping review. Australian Journal of Psychology, 71(4), 411–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12271
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, S. L., Lee, L. H., & Wu, T. Y. (2016). Sustainability of using composting and vermicomposting technologies for organic solid waste biotransformation: Recent overview, greenhouse gases emissions and economic analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 111, 262–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.083
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loan, L. T. T., Takahashi, Y., Nomura, H., & Yabe, M. (2019). Modeling home composting behavior toward sustainable municipal organic waste management at the source in developing countries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 140, 65–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.08.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maikhuri, R., Rawat, L., Negi, V. S., Faroouquee, N., Rao, K., Purohit, V., Agarwal, S. K., Chamoli, K., Negi, C. S., & Saxena, K. (2011). Empowering rural women in agro-ecotechnologies for livelihood improvement and natural resource management: A case from Indian Central Himalaya. Outlook on AGRICULTURE, 40(3), 229–236. https://doi.org/10.5367/oa.2011.0052
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masciandaro, G., Macci, C., Doni, S., & Ceccanti, B. (2010). Use of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) to reduce phytotoxicity and promote humification of pre-composted olive oil mill wastewater. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(11), 1879–1885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammadi, S., Balouei, F., Haji, K., Khaledi Darvishan, A., & Karydas, C. G. (2021). Country-scale spatio-temporal monitoring of soil erosion in Iran using the G2 model. International Journal of Digital Earth, 14(8), 1019–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2021.1919230
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mungkung, R., Sitthikitpanya, S., Chaichana, R., Bamrungwong, K., Santitaweeroek, Y., Jakrawatana, N., Silalertruksa, T., & Gheewala, S. H. (2022). Measuring sustainability performance of rice cultivation in Thailand using Sustainable Rice Platform indicators. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 20(7), 1278–1293.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munir, M. T., Mansouri, S. S., Udugama, I. A., Baroutian, S., Gernaey, K. V., & Young, B. R. (2018). Resource recovery from organic solid waste using hydrothermal processing: Opportunities and challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 96, 64–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.07.039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omran, E.-S. E., & Negm, A. M. (2020). Update, conclusions, and recommendations to “technological and modern irrigation environment in Egypt: Best management practices and evaluation.”. In E.-S. E. Omran, & A. M. Negm (Eds.), Technological and modern irrigation environment in Egypt: Best management practices & evaluation (pp. 355–369). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30375-4_16
   Google Scholar
• Onwezen, M. C., Antonides, G., & Bartels, J. (2013). The Norm Activation Model: An exploration of the functions of anticipated pride and guilt in pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 39, 141–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2013.07.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oo, A., Iwai, C., & Saenjan, P. (2015). Soil properties and maize growth in saline and nonsaline soils using cassava-industrial waste compost and vermicompost with or without earthworms. Land Degradation & Development, 26(3), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2208
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasha, M. R., Shahedi, K., Vahabzadeh, Q., Kavian, A., Sepanlou, M. G., & Jouquet, P. (2020). Effect of vermicompost on soil and runoff properties in northern Iran. Compost Science & Utilization, 28(3-4), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2020.1828198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, J., Sierra, J., Causeret, F., Guindé, L., & Blazy, J.-M. (2017). Factors affecting the adoption of compost use by farmers in small tropical Caribbean islands. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 1387–1396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.168
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahnama, H., & Rajabpour, S. (2017). Identifying effective factors on consumers’ choice behavior toward green products: The case of Tehran, the capital of Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(1), 911–925. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7791-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rastegari Kopaei, H., Nooripoor, M., Karami, A., Petrescu-Mag, R. M., & Petrescu, D. C. (2021). Drivers of residents’ home composting intention: Integrating the theory of planned behavior, the norm activation model, and the moderating role of composting knowledge. Sustainability, 13(12), 6826. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126826
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raza, S. T., Zhu, B., Tang, J. L., Ali, Z., Anjum, R., Bah, H., Iqbal, H., Ren, X., & Ahmad, R. (2020). Nutrients recovery during vermicomposting of cow dung, pig manure, and biochar for agricultural sustainability with gases emissions. Applied Sciences, 10(24), 8956. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248956
   Google Scholar
• Raza, S. T., Zhu, B., Yao, Z., Wu, J., Chen, Z., Ali, Z., & Tang, J. L. (2023). Impacts of vermicompost application on crop yield, ammonia volatilization and greenhouse gases emission on upland in Southwest China. Science of the Total Environment, 860, 160479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, R. W. (1975). A protection motivation theory of fear appeals and attitude Change1. The Journal of Psychology, 91(1), 93–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1975.9915803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, R. W. (1983). Cognitive and psychological processes in fear appeals and attitude change: A revised theory of protection motivation. Social Psychophysiology: A Sourcebook, 153–176.
   Google Scholar
• Salemdeeb, R., Saint, R., Clark, W., Lenaghan, M., Pratt, K., & Millar, F. (2021). A pragmatic and industry-oriented framework for data quality assessment of environmental footprint tools. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 3, 100019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2021.100019
   Google Scholar
• Sarpong, D., Eyres, E., & Batsakis, G. (2019). Narrating the future: A distentive capability approach to strategic foresight. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 140, 105–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.06.034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savari, M., Damaneh, H. E., & Damaneh, H. E. (2022). Drought vulnerability assessment: Solution for risk alleviation and drought management among Iranian farmers. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 67, 102654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102654
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha, R. K., Agarwal, S., Chauhan, K., Chandran, V., & Soni, B. K. (2010). Vermiculture technology: Reviving the dreams of Sir charles darwin for scientific Use of earthworms in sustainable development programs. Technology and Investment, 01(03|3), 155–172. https://doi.org/10.4236/ti.2010.13019
   Google Scholar
• Soorani, F., & Ahmadvand, M. (2019). Determinants of consumers’ food management behavior: Applying and extending the theory of planned behavior. Waste Management, 98, 151–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.08.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staples, A. J., Reeling, C. J., Widmar, N. J. O., & Lusk, J. L. (2020). Consumer willingness to pay for sustainability attributes in beer: A choice experiment using eco-labels. Agribusiness, 36(4), 591–612. https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21655
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sustainable Agriculture Initiative Platform (SAI). (2022). Farm Sustainability Assessment. https://saiplatform.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Swati, A., & Hait, S. (2018). Greenhouse Gas emission during composting and vermicomposting of organic wastes – A review. CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water, 46(6), 1700042. https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201700042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taheri Rahimabadi, E. (2018). Influence of cow manure and its vermicomposting on the improvement of grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in field conditions. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 16(1), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1601_097110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thøgersen, J., & Crompton, T. (2009). Simple and painless? The limitations of spillover in environmental campaigning. Journal of Consumer Policy, 32(2), 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-009-9101-1
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, G. V., Mathew, A. E., Baby, G., & Mukundan, M. (2019). Bioconversion of residue biomass from a tropical homestead agro-ecosystem to value added vermicompost by Eudrilus species of earthworm. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 10(7), 1821–1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0203-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker, P., & Speirs, D. (2003). Attitudes and behavioural change in household waste management behaviours. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 46(2), 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/0964056032000070927
   Google Scholar
• Van Groenigen, J. W., Van Groenigen, K. J., Koopmans, G. F., Stokkermans, L., Vos, H. M. J., & Lubbers, I. M. (2019). How fertile are earthworm casts? A meta-analysis. Geoderma, 338, 525–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viaene, J., Van Lancker, J., Vandecasteele, B., Willekens, K., Bijttebier, j., Ruysschaert, G., De Neve, S., & Reubens, B. (2016). Opportunities and barriers to on-farm composting and compost application: A case study from northwestern Europe. Waste Management (New York, N.Y.), 48, 181–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.09.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Yuan, Z., & Tang, Y. (2021). Enhancing food security and environmental sustainability: A critical review of food loss and waste management. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 4, 100023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2021.100023
   Google Scholar
• Wikipedia. (2023). Khomeyni Shahr [Map]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khomeyni_Shahr.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, Y., Xie, L., Yuan, Z., Jiang, S., Liu, W., & Sheng, H. (2020). Investigating public biodiversity conservation awareness based on the propagation of wildlife-related incidents on the Sina Weibo social media platform. Environmental Research Letters, 15(9), 0094082. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9ed1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, L., Fu, B., Lin, T., Meng, L., Zhang, O., & Gao, L. (2023). Promoting and maintaining public participation in waste separation policies—A comparative study in Shanghai, China. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 12, 100112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100112
   Google Scholar
• Xu, X., Mola-Yudego, B., Selkimäki, M., Zhang, X., & Qu, M. (2022). Determinants of farmers’ waste generation and disposal in rural areas of central China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30, 9011–9021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaghoubi Farani, A., Mohammadi, Y., & Ghahremani, F. (2019). Modeling farmers’ responsible environmental attitude and behaviour: A case from Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(27), 28146–28161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06040-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, L., Ren, H., Wang, M., Liu, N., & Mi, Z. (2022). Assessment of eco-environment impact and driving factors of resident consumption: Taking Jiangsu Province, China as an example. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 8, 100057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100057
   Google Scholar
• Yi, X., Zou, Q., Zhang, Z., & Chang, S.-H.-E. (2023). What motivates greenhouse vegetable farmers to adapt organic-substitute-chemical-fertilizer (OSCF)? An empirical study from shandong, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yue, C., Campbell, B., Hall, C., Behe, B., Dennis, J., & Khachatryan, H. (2016). Consumer preference for sustainable attributes in plants: Evidence from experimental auctions. Agribusiness, 32(2), 222–235. https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21435
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuvaraj, A., Thangaraj, R., Ravindran, B., Chang, S. W., & Karmegam, N. (2021). Centrality of cattle solid wastes in vermicomposting technology – A cleaner resource recovery and biowaste recycling option for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Environmental Pollution, 268, 115688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115688
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., Ran, W., Jiang, S., Wu, H., & Yuan, Z. (2021). Understanding consumers’ behavior intention of recycling mobile phone through formal channels in China: The effect of privacy concern. Resources, Environment and Sustainability, 5, 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2021.100027
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, S., Wang, Z., & Wachenheim, C. J. (2019). Technology adoption among farmers in Jilin Province, China: The case of aerial pesticide application. China Agricultural Economic Review, 11(1), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1108/CAER-11-2017-0216
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, Y., Xiao, R., Klammsteiner, T., Kong, X., Yan, B., Mihai, F.-C., Liu, T., Zhang, Z., & Awasthi, M. K. (2022). Recent trends and advances in composting and vermicomposting technologies: A review. Bioresource Technology, 360, 127591.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar