Is thematic analysis used well in health psychology? A critical review of published research, with recommendations for quality practice and reporting

References

• Abraham, C. (2004). Using theory in research. In S. Michie & C. Abraham (Eds.), Health psychology in practice (pp. 63–82). Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Moghrabi, D., Tsichlaki, A., Alkadi, S., & Fleming, P. S. (2019). How well are dental qualitative studies involving interviews and focus groups reported? Journal of Dentistry, 84, 44–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2019.03.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, S., & Clarke, V. (2019). Disgust, shame and the psychosocial impact of skin picking: Evidence from an online support forum. Journal of Health Psychology, 24(13), 1773–1784. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317700254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aronson, J. (1995). A pragmatic view of thematic analysis. The Qualitative Report, 2(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/1995.2069.
   Google Scholar
• Attride-Stirling, J. (2001). Thematic networks: An analytic tool for qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 1(3), 385–405. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410100100307
   Google Scholar
• Barnett-Page, E., & Thomas, J. (2009). Methods for the synthesis of qualitative research: A critical review. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 9(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-9-59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry, C. A. (2003). Holding up the mirror to widen the view: Multiple subjectivities in the reflexive team. In L. Finlay & B. Gough (Eds.), Reflexivity: A practical guide for researchers in health and social sciences (pp. 214–228). Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Barry, C. A., Britten, N., Barber, N., Bradley, C., & Stevenson, F. (1999). Using reflexivity to optimize teamwork in qualitative research. Qualitative Health Research, 9(1), 26–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973299129121677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, R. (2015). Now I see it, now I don’t: Researcher's position and reflexivity in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 15(2), 219–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794112468475
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyatzis, R. E. (1998). Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Bradbury-Jones, C., Breckenridge, J., Clark, M. T., Herber, O. R., Wagstaff, C., & Taylor, J. (2017). The state of qualitative research in health and social science literature: A focused mapping review and synthesis. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(6), 627–645. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2016.1270583
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practice guide for beginners. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2016). (Mis)conceptualising themes, thematic analysis, and other problems with Fugard and Potts’ (2015) sample-size tool for thematic analysis. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 19(6), 739–743. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2016.1195588
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019a). Novel insights into patients’ life-worlds: The value of qualitative research. The Lancet Psychiatry, 6(9), 720–721. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30296-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019b). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021a). Can I use TA? Should I use TA? Should I not use TA? Comparing reflexive thematic analysis and other pattern-based qualitative analytic approaches. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 21(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021b). One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis? Qualitative Research in Psychology, 18(3), 328–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2020.1769238
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021c). To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13(2), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1704846
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022a). Conceptual and design thinking for thematic analysis. Qualitative Psychology, 9(1), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1037/qup0000196
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022b). Toward good practice in thematic analysis: Avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher. International Journal of Transgender Health, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022c). How do you solve a problem like COREQ? A critique of Tong et al.’s (2007) Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Manuscript in preparation.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022d). Thematic analysis: A practical guide. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., Clarke, V., & Hayfield, N. (2022). “A starting point for your journey, not a map”: Nikki Hayfield in conversation with Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke about thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 19(2), 424–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2019.1670765. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10 .1037qup0000196
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brocki, J. M., & Wearden, A. J. (2006). A critical evaluation of the use of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) in health psychology. Psychology & Health, 21(1), 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/14768320500230185
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, K. A., Orr, E., Durepos, P., Nguyen, L., Li, L., Whitmore, C., Gehrke, P., Graham, L., & Jack, S. M. (2021). Reflexive thematic analysis for applied qualitative health research. The Qualitative Report, 26(6), 2011–2028. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.5010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chadwick, R. [@DrRChadwick]. (2022, May 29). We need to teach students that academic writing/research is not about finding ‘a gap’ or creating an ‘original’ idea (very unlikely) but it’s about building on the work of others, entering into conversations (& acknowledging debts). It is collaborative work [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/DrRChadwick/status/1530830525992165376.
   Google Scholar
• Chamberlain, K. (2000). Methodolatry and qualitative health research. Journal of Health Psychology, 5(3), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910530000500306
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chamberlain, K. (2011). Troubling methodology. Health Psychology Review, 5(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2010.520113
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlain, K. (2012). Do you really need a methodology? Qualitative Methods in Psychology Bulletin, 13, 59–63.
   Google Scholar
• Chamberlain, K., & Murray, M. (2008). Health psychology. In C. Willig & W. Stainton-Rogers (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research in psychology (pp. 390–406). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848607927
   Google Scholar
• Clarke, V. (2022). Navigating the messy swamp of qualitative research: Are generic reporting standards the answer? Qualitative Research in Psychology, 19(4), 1004–1012. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2021.1995555
   Google Scholar
• Connelly, L. M., & Peltzer, J. N. (2016). Underdeveloped themes in qualitative research. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 30(1), 52–57. https://doi.org/10.1097/NUR.0000000000000173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Culver, D. M., Gilbert, W., & Sparkes, A. (2012). Qualitative research in sport psychology journals: The next decade 2000-2009 and beyond. The Sport Psychologist, 26(2), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.26.2.261
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Culver, D. M., Gilbert, W. D., & Trudel, P. (2003). A decade of qualitative research in sport psychology journals: 1990-1999. The Sport Psychologist, 17(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.17.1.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demuth, C. (2015). “Slow food” post-qualitative research in psychology: Old craft skills in new design? Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 49(2), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-015-9304-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dey, I. (1999). Grounding grounded theory. Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Elliott, R., Fischer, C. T., & Rennie, D. L. (1999). Evolving guidelines for publication of qualitative research studies in psychology and related fields. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 38(3), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466599162782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ely, M., Vinz, R., Downing, M., & Anzul, M. (1997). On writing qualitative research: Living by words. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Evans, P. (2000). Boundary oscillations: Epistemological and genre transformation during the 'method' of thesis writing. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 3(4), 267–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645570050178576
   Google Scholar
• Finlay, L. (2002). Negotiating the swamp: The opportunity and challenge of reflexivity in research practice. Qualitative Research, 2(2), 209–230. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410200200205
   Google Scholar
• Finlay, L. (2021). Thematic analysis: The ‘good’, the ‘bad’ and the ‘ugly’. European Journal for Qualitative Research in Psychotherapy, 11, 103–116. http://ejqrp.org/index.php/ejqrp/article/view/136.
   Google Scholar
• Finlay, L., & Gough, B. (Eds.). (2003). Reflexivity: A practical guide for researchers in health and social sciences. Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Flowers, P., Davis, M., Lohm, D., Waller, E., & Stephenson, N. (2016). Understanding pandemic influenza behaviour: An exploratory biopsychosocial study. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(5), 759–769. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314537542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert, G. N., & Mulkay, M. (1984). Opening Pandora's box: A sociological analysis of scientists’ discourse. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research.
   Google Scholar
• Gough, B. (2017). Reflexivity in qualitative psychological research. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3), 311–312. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1262615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenhalgh, T., Annandale, E., Ashcroft, R., Barlow, J., Black, N., Bleakley, A., Boaden, R., Braithwaite, J., Britten, N., Carnevale, F., Checkland, K., Cheek, J., Clark, A., Cohn, S., Coulehan, J., Crabtree, B., Cummins, S., Davidoff, F., Davies, H., ... Ziebland, S. (2016). An open letter to The BMJ editors on qualitative research. BMJ, 352, ii563. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i563
   Google Scholar
• Guba, E., & Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth generation evaluation. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Guest, G., MacQueen, K. M., & Namey, E. E. (2012). Applied thematic analysis. Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483384436
   Google Scholar
• Gurung, R. A. R. (2018). Health psychology. In K. D. Keith (Ed.), Culture across the curriculum: A psychology teacher's handbook (pp. 449–ii463). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316996706.024
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, N. (2000). Doing psychological research: Gathering and analyzing data. Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Holt, N. L., & Tamminen, K. A. (2010). Improving grounded theory research in sport and exercise psychology: Further reflections as a response to Mike Weed. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11(6), 405–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.12.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchison, A. J., Johnston, L., & Breckon, J. (2011). Grounded theory-based research within exercise psychology: A critical review. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 8(3), 247–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780880903304527
   Google Scholar
• Joffe, H. (2011). Thematic analysis. In D. Harper & A. R. Thompson (Eds.), Qualitative methods in mental health and psychotherapy: A guide for students and practitioners (pp. 209–223). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119973249
   Google Scholar
• Kidder, L. H., & Fine, M. (1987). Qualitative and quantitative methods: When stories converge. In M. M. Mark, & L. Shotland (Eds.), New directions for program evaluation (pp. 57–75). Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, H., Sefcik, J. S., & Bradway, C. (2017). Characteristics of qualitative descriptive studies: A systematic review. Research in Nursing & Health, 40(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, N., & Brooks, J. (2018). Thematic analysis in organisational research. In C. Cassell, A. L. Cunliffe, & G. Grandy (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative business and management research methods (pp. 219–236). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (4th ed). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Langdridge, D. (2004). Introduction to research methods and data analysis in psychology. Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Lazard, L., & McAvoy, J. (2020). Doing reflexivity in psychological research: What’s the point? What’s the practice? Qualitative Research in Psychology, 17(2), 159–177. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2017.1400144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, H. M., Bamberg, M., Creswell, J. W., Frost, D. M., Josselson, R., & Suárez-Orozco, C. (2018). Journal article reporting standards for qualitative primary, qualitative meta-analytic, and mixed methods research in psychology: The APA publications and communications board task force report. American Psychologist, 73(1), 26–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, H. M., Motulsky, S. L., Wertz, F. J., Morrow, S. L., & Ponterotto, J. G. (2017). Recommendations for designing and reviewing qualitative research in psychology: Promoting methodological integrity. Qualitative Psychology, 4(1), 2–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/qup0000082
   Google Scholar
• Linabary, J. R., Corple, D. J., & Cooky, C. (2021). Of wine and whiteboards: Enacting feminist reflexivity in collaborative research. Qualitative Research, 21(5), 719–735. http://doi.org/10.1177/1468794120946988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic enquiry. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Lincoln, Y. S., Lynham, S., & Guba, E. G. (2018). Paradigmatic controversies, contradictions, and emerging confluences, revisited. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (5th ed, pp. 108–150). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Lubek, I., & Murray, M. (2018). Doing histor{y/ies} of health psycholog{y/ies}. Journal of Health Psychology, 23(3), 361–371. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317753627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons, A. C. (2011). Advancing and extending qualitative research in health psychology. Health Psychology Review, 5(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2010.544638
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madill, A., Jordan, B., & Shirley, C. (2000). Objectivity and reliability in qualitative analysis: Realist, contextualist and radical constructionist epistemologies. British Journal of Psychology, 91(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712600161646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marecek, J. (2003). Dancing through minefields: Toward a qualitative stance in psychology. In P. M. Camic, J. E. Rhodes, & L. Yardley (Eds.), Qualitative research in psychology: Expanding perspectives in methodology and design (pp. 49–69). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10595-004
   Google Scholar
• Martin, P. R., Cairns, R., Lindner, H., Milgrom, J., Morrissey, S., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2014). The training crisis in health psychology in Australia. Australian Psychologist, 49(2), 86–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative content analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-1.2.1089.
   Google Scholar
• McGannon, K. R., Smith, B., Kendellen, K., & Gonsalves, C. A. (2021). Qualitative research in six sport and exercise psychology journals between 2010 and 2017: An updated and expanded review of trends and interpretations. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19(3), 359–379. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2019.1655779
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michie, S., Abraham, C., & Johnston, M. (2004). Health psychology training: The UK model. In S. Michie & C. Abraham (Eds.), Health psychology in practice (pp. 5–45). Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Murray, M. (2014). Social history of health psychology: Context and textbooks. Health Psychology Review, 8(2), 215–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2012.701058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, M. (2018). The pre-history of health psychology in the United Kingdom: From natural science and psychoanalysis to social science, social cognition and beyond. Journal of Health Psychology, 23(3), 472–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317705879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadin, S., & Cassell, C. (2004). Using data matrices. In C. Cassell & G. Symon (Eds.), Essential guide to qualitative methods in organisational research (pp. 271–287). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446280119
   Google Scholar
• National institute for health and care excellence (NICE). (2012). Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance (3rd ed). NICE. www.nice.org.uk/process/pmg4
   Google Scholar
• O’Connor, C., & Joffe, H. (2020). Intercoder reliability in qualitative research: Debates and practical guidelines. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919899220.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panjwani, A. A., Gurung, R. A. R., & Revenson, T. A. (2017). The teaching of undergraduate health psychology. Teaching of Psychology, 44(3), 268–273. http://doi.org/10.1177/0098628317712786
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, M., & Zafran, H. (2018). View from the penthouse: Epistemological bumps and emergent metaphors as method for team reflexivity. Qualitative Health Research, 28(3), 408–417. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732317746379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne, S. (2004). Designing and conducting qualitative studies. In S. Michie & C. Abraham (Eds.), Health psychology in practice (pp. 126–149). Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Poucher, Z. A., Tamminen, K. A., Caron, J. G. X., & Sweet, S. N. (2020). Thinking through and designing qualitative research studies: A focused mapping review of 30 years of qualitative research in sport psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13(1), 163–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2019.1656276
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American psychological association: The official guide to APA style (7th ed.). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Quinn, F., Chater, A., & Morrison, V. (2020). An oral history of health psychology in the UK. British Journal of Health Psychology, 25(3), 502–518. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rance, N., Moller, N. P., & Clarke, V. (2017). ‘Eating disorders are not about food, they’re about life’: Client perspectives on anorexia nervosa treatment. Journal of Health Psychology, 22(5), 582–594. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105315609088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rankl, F., Johnson, G. A., & Vindrola-Padros, C. (2021). Examining what we know in relation to how we know it: A team-based reflexivity model for rapid qualitative health research. Qualitative Health Research, 31(7), 1358–1370. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732321998062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reicher, S. (2000). Against methodolatry: Some comments on Elliott, Fischer, and Rennie. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 39(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466500163031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, J., & Spencer, L. (1994). Qualitative data analysis for applied policy research. In A. Bryman & R. G. Burgess (Eds.), Analysing qualitative data (pp. 173–194). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203413081
   Google Scholar
• Sandelowski, M. (2011). When a cigar is not just a cigar: Alternative takes on data and data analysis. Research in Nursing & Health, 34(4), 342–352. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandelowski, M., & Leeman, J. (2012). Writing usable qualitative health research findings. Qualitative Health Research, 22(10), 1404–1413. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732312450368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw, R. (2010). Embedding reflexivity within experiential qualitative psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 7(3), 233–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780880802699092
   Google Scholar
• Shaw, R., Bishop, F. L., Horwood, J., Chilcot, J., & Arden, M. A. (2019). Enhancing the quality and transparency of qualitative research methods in health psychology. British Journal of Health Psychology, 24(4), 739–745. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, B., & McGannon, K. (2018). Developing rigor in qualitative research: Problems and opportunities within sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11(1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2017.1317357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J. A. (2011). Evaluating the contribution of interpretative phenomenological analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5(1), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2010.510659
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J. K., & Hodkinson, P. (2005). Relativism, criteria, and politics. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 915–932). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Sparkes, A. C., & Smith, B. (2009). Judging the quality of qualitative inquiry: Criteriology and relativism in action. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(5), 491–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.02.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, A. M., & Gurung, R. A. R. (2020). Teaching health psychology here, there, and everywhere. In J. Zumbach, D. Bernstein, S. Narciss, & G. Marsico (Eds.), International handbook of psychology learning and teaching (pp. 1–18). Springer International Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Swindells M. (2017, April 7). Putting patients at the heart of all we do. https://www.england.nhs.uk/blog/putting-patients-at-the-heart-of-allwe-do/ (accessed July 1, 2019).
   Google Scholar
• Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy, S. J. (2010). Qualitative quality: Eight “big-tent” criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(10), 837–851. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trainor, L. R., & Bundon, A. (2021). Developing the craft: Reflexive accounts of doing reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13(5), 705–726. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2020.1840423
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuval-Mashiach, R. (2017). Raising the curtain: The importance of transparency in qualitative research. Qualitative Psychology, 4(2), 126–138. https://doi.org/10.1037/qup0000062
   Google Scholar
• Walsh, S., Jones, M., Bressington, D., McKenna, L., Brown, E., Terhagg, S., Shresta, M., Al-Ghareeb, A., & Gray, R. (2020). Adherence to COREQ reporting guidelines for qualitative research: A scientometric study in nursing social science. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 160940692098214–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920982145
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weed, M. (2009). Research quality considerations for grounded theory research in sport & exercise psychology. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(5), 502–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.02.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, S. (1988). The role of reflexivity in feminist psychology. Women's Studies International Forum, 11(5), 493–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(88)90024-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willig, C. (2013). Introducing qualitative research in psychology (3rd ed.). Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yardley, L. (2000). Dilemmas in qualitative health research. Psychology & Health, 15(2), 215–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440008400302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar