70
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Does the Use of Media and Other Information Sources Cause the Perceived Experience of Climate Change or is it the Other Way Around?

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Received 11 Nov 2023, Accepted 09 Apr 2024, Published online: 16 Apr 2024

References

  • AAPOR. (2023). Standard definitions: Final dispositions of case codes and outcome rates for surveys. https://www.aapor.org/AAPOR_Main/media/publications/Standard-Definitions20169theditionfinal.pdf
  • Akerlof, K., Maibach, E. W., Fitzgerald, D., Cedeno, A. Y., & Neuman, A. (2013). Do people “personally experience” global warming, and if so how, and does it matter? Global Environmental Change, 23(1), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.07.006
  • Ardoin, N. M., & Heimlich, J. E. (2021). Environmental learning in everyday life: Foundations of meaning and a context for change. Environmental Education Research, 27(12), 1681–1699. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2021.1992354
  • Breakwell, G. M. (2010). Models of risk construction: Some applications to climate change. WIREs Climate Change, 1(6), 857–870. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.74
  • Brosius, H.-B., & Bathelt, A. (1994). The utility of exemplars in persuasive communications. Communication Research, 21(1), 48–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365094021001004
  • Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(3), 464–504. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510701301834
  • Cheung, G. W., Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Lau, R. S., & Wang, L. C. (2023). Reporting reliability, convergent and discriminant validity with structural equation modeling: A review and best-practice recommendations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-023-09871-y
  • Comfort, S. E., Tandoc, E., & Gruszczynski, M. (2020). Who is heard in climate change journalism? Sourcing patterns in climate change news in China, India, Singapore, and Thailand. Climatic Change, 158(3), 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02597-1
  • Coyle, K. (2005). Environmental literacy in America: What ten years of NEETF/Roper research and related studies say about environmental literacy in the U.S. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED522820.pdf
  • Department of Statistics Singapore. (2023). e-Book of Statistics. Retrieved June 7 from https://www.singstat.gov.sg/publications/reference/ebook
  • Dessai, S., Adger, W. N., Hulme, M., Turnpenny, J., Köhler, J., & Warren, R. (2004). Defining and experiencing dangerous climate change. Climatic Change, 64(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CLIM.0000024781.48904.45
  • Feldman, L., Myers, T. A., Hmielowski, J. D., & Leiserowitz, A. (2014). The mutual reinforcement of media selectivity and effects: Testing the reinforcing spirals framework in the context of global warming. Journal of Communication, 64(4), 590–611. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12108
  • Fivush, R., & Graci, M. (2017). Memory and social identity. In S. Bernecker & K. Michaelian (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of memory (pp. 268-280). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315687315
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
  • George, C. (2020). Air-conditioned nation revisited: Essays on Singapore politics. Ethos Books.
  • Gibson, R., & Zillmann, D. (1994). Exaggerated versus representative exemplification in news reports: Perception of issues and personal consequences. Communication Research, 21(5), 603–624. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365094021005003
  • Gould, K. A. (1993). Pollution and perception: Social visibility and local environmental mobilization. Qualitative Sociology, 16(2), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00989748
  • Griffin, R. J., Neuwirth, K., Dunwoody, S., & Giese, J. (2004). Information sufficiency and risk communication. Media Psychology, 6(1), 23–61. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532785xmep0601_2
  • Hmielowski, J. D., Donaway, R., & Wang, M. Y. (2019). Environmental risk information seeking: The differential roles of anxiety and hopelessness. Environmental Communication, 13(7), 894–908. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2018.1500926
  • Ho, S. S., & Chuah, A. S. F. (2017). Climate change communication in Singapore. In M. C. Nisbet, S. S. Ho, E. Markowitz, S. O’Neill, M. S. Schäfer, & J. Thaker (Eds.), The Oxford encyclopedia of climate change communication (pp. 500–514). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.473
  • Ho, S. S., Detenber, B. H., Rosenthal, S., & Lee, E. W. J. (2014). Seeking information about climate change: Effects of media use in an extended PRISM. Science Communication, 36(3), 270–295. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547013520238
  • Ho, S. S., & Yang, X. (2018). Communication, cognitive processing, and public knowledge about climate change. Asian Journal of Communication, 28(5), 449–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2018.1453847
  • Hopke, J. E. (2020). Connecting extreme heat events to climate change: Media coverage of heat waves and wildfires. Environmental Communication, 14(4), 492–508. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2019.1687537
  • Hu, L.-t., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Jack, T., Bååth, J., Heinonen, J. T., & Gram-Hanssen, K. (2023). How individuals make sense of their climate impacts in the capitalocene: Mixed methods insights from calculating carbon footprints. Sustainability Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01435-9
  • Kahan, D. M. (2012). Why we are poles apart on climate change. Nature, 488(7411), 255. https://doi.org/10.1038/488255a
  • Kahlor, L. A. (2007). An augmented risk information seeking model: The case of global warming. Media Psychology, 10(3), 414–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213260701532971
  • Kahlor, L. A. (2010). PRISM: A planned risk information seeking model. Health Communication, 25(4), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410231003775172
  • Klein, S. B., & Nichols, S. (2012). Memory and the sense of personal identity. Mind; A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 121(483), 677–702. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzs080
  • Knobloch-Westerwick, S., Johnson, B. K., Silver, N. A., & Westerwick, A. (2015). Science exemplars in the eye of the beholder: How exposure to online science information affects attitudes. Science Communication, 37(5), 575–601. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547015596367
  • Lang, C. (2014). Do weather fluctuations cause people to seek information about climate change? Climatic Change, 125(3), 291–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1180-6
  • Lang, J., Bliese, P. D., Lang, J. W., & Adler, A. B. (2011). Work gets unfair for the depressed: Cross-lagged relations between organizational justice perceptions and depressive symptoms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(3), 602–618. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022463
  • Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., & Roser-Renouf, C. (2009). Climate change in the American mind: Americans’ climate change beliefs, attitudes, policy preferences, and actions. https://climatecommunication.yale.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/CC_in_Amer_Mind_09.pdf
  • Li, J., Qin, P., Quan, Y., & Tan-Soo, J.-S. (2023). Using protection motivation theory to examine information-seeking behaviors on climate change. Global Environmental Change, 81, 102698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102698
  • Li, W. D., Fay, D., Frese, M., Harms, P. D., & Gao, X. Y. (2014). Reciprocal relationship between proactive personality and work characteristics: A latent change score approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99(5), 948–965. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036169
  • Lucas, R. E. (2023). Why the cross-lagged panel model is almost never the right choice. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 6(1), 25152459231158378. https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459231158378
  • Maiella, R., La Malva, P., Marchetti, D., Pomarico, E., Di Crosta, A., Palumbo, R., Cetara, L., Di Domenico, A., & Verrocchio, M. C. (2020). The psychological distance and climate change: A systematic review on the mitigation and adaptation behaviors. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568899
  • Mao, Y. (2022). Media use and perceived pollution: Does a reinforcing spiral exist in China? International Journal of Communication, 16. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/17070.
  • Marlon, J. R., Wang, X., Mildenberger, M., Bergquist, P., Swain, S., Hayhoe, K., Howe, P. D., Maibach, E., & Leiserowitz, A. (2021). Hot dry days increase perceived experience with global warming. Global Environmental Change, 68, 102247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102247
  • Mavrodieva, A. V., Rachman, O. K., Harahap, V. B., & Shaw, R. (2019). Role of social media as a soft power tool in raising public awareness and engagement in addressing climate change. Climate, 7(10), 122. https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/7/10/122
  • McDonald, R. I., Chai, H. Y., & Newell, B. R. (2015). Personal experience and the ‘psychological distance’ of climate change: An integrative review. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 44, 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.10.003
  • Meier, L. L., & Spector, P. E. (2013). Reciprocal effects of work stressors and counterproductive work behavior: A five-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(3), 529–539. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031732
  • National Climate Change Secretariat. (2012). Climate change & Singapore: Challenges. Opportunities. Partnerships. https://www.nccs.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/national-climate-change-strategy.pdf
  • National Climate Change Secretariat. (2019). Climate change public perception survey 2019. https://www.nccs.gov.sg/media/press-release/climate-change-public-perception-survey-2019
  • Neuman, N., Fletcher, R., Kirsten, E., Robertson, C. T., & Nielsen, R. K. (2023). Digital news report 2023. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2023-06/Digital_News_Report_2023.pdf
  • Newman, T. P., Nisbet, E. C., & Nisbet, M. C. (2018). Climate change, cultural cognition, and media effects: Worldviews drive news selectivity, biased processing, and polarized attitudes. Public Understanding of Science, 27(8), 985–1002. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518801170
  • Ng, Y. J., Yang, Z. J., & Vishwanath, A. (2018). To fear or not to fear? Applying the social amplification of risk framework on two environmental health risks in Singapore. Journal of Risk Research, 21(12), 1487–1501. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2017.1313762
  • Ogunbode, C. A., Demski, C., Capstick, S. B., & Sposato, R. G. (2019). Attribution matters: Revisiting the link between extreme weather experience and climate change mitigation responses. Global Environmental Change, 54, 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.11.005
  • Peterson, M. N., Stevenson, K. T., & Valdez, R. X. (2018). How communication with teachers, family and friends contributes to predicting climate change behaviour among adolescents. Environmental Conservation, 45(2), 183–191. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892917000443
  • Prothero, A. (2023, January 30). Most teens learn about climate change from social media. Why schools should care. Education Week. https://www.edweek.org/technology/most-teens-learn-about-climate-change-from-social-media-why-schools-should-care/2023/01
  • Qing, A. (2022, April 14). Singapore hits highest temperature recorded since 1983 in April. AsiaOne. https://www.asiaone.com/singapore/singapore-hits-highest-temperature-recorded-1983-april
  • Reser, J. P., & Bradley, G. L. (2020). The nature, significance, and influence of perceived personal experience of climate change. WIREs Climate Change, 11(5), e668. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.668
  • Reser, J. P., Bradley, G. L., & Ellul, M. C. (2014). Encountering climate change: ‘seeing’ is more than ‘believing’. WIREs Climate Change, 5(4), 521–537. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.286
  • Rosenthal, S. (2022). Information sources, perceived personal experience, and climate change beliefs. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 81, 101796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101796
  • Rosenthal, S., & Dahlstrom, M. F. (2019). Perceived influence of proenvironmental testimonials. Environmental Communication, 13(2), 222–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2017.1287112
  • Schumann, S., Thomas, F., Ehrke, F., Bertlich, T., & Dupont, J. C. (2022). Maintenance or change? Examining the reinforcing spiral between social media news use and populist attitudes. Information, Communication & Society, 25(13), 1934–1951. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2021.1907435
  • Selig, J. P., & Little, T. D. (2012). Autoregressive and cross-lagged panel analysis for longitudinal data. In B. Laursen, T. D. Little, & N. A. Card (Eds.), Handbook of developmental research methods (pp. 265–278). The Guilford Press.
  • Slater, M. D. (2007). Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity. Communication Theory, 17(3), 281–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2007.00296.x
  • Slater, M. D. (2015). Reinforcing spirals model: Conceptualizing the relationship between media content exposure and the development and maintenance of attitudes. Media Psychology, 18(3), 370–395. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2014.897236
  • Slater, M. D., Shehata, A., & Strömbäck, J. (2020). The international encyclopedia of media psychology. In The International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0134
  • Tan, S.-A. (2022, 20 April). Climate change affects Asia disproportionately; S'pore facing high risks but prepared to combat it: Report. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/business/climate-change-affects-asiadisproportionately-spore-facing-high-risks-but-prepared-to-combat-it-report
  • van der Linden, S. (2014). On the relationship between personal experience, affect and risk perception: The case of climate change. European Journal of Social Psychology, 44(5), 430–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2008
  • van der Linden, S., Leiserowitz, A., & Maibach, E. (2019). The gateway belief model: A large-scale replication. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 62, 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.01.009
  • van Valkengoed, A. M., Steg, L., & Perlaviciute, G. (2023). The psychological distance of climate change is overestimated. One Earth, 6(4), 362–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.03.006
  • Weber, E. U. (2010). What shapes perceptions of climate change? WIREs Climate Change, 1(3), 332–342. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.41
  • Weiner, R., Church, S. P., Lu, J., Esman, L. A., Getson, J. M., Fleckenstein, M., Radulski, B., Ranjan, P., Usher, E., Prokopy, L. S., & Pfeiffer, L. (2021). Climate change coverage in the United States media during the 2017 hurricane season: Implications for climate change communication. Climatic Change, 164(3), 52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03032-0
  • Wright, A. S., & Shindler, B. (2001). The role of information sources in watershed management. Fisheries, 26(11), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(2001)026<0016:TROISI>2.0.CO;2
  • Xia, Z., Ye, J., Zhou, Y., Howe, P. D., Xu, M., Tan, X., Tian, X., & Zhang, C. (2022). A meta-analysis of the relationship between climate change experience and climate change perception. Environmental Research Communications, 4(10), 105005. https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac9bd9
  • Yang, J. Z., & Zhuang, J. (2020). Information seeking and information sharing related to hurricane harvey. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 97(4), 1054–1079. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699019887675
  • Yang, Z. J., & Kahlor, L. A. (2013). What, me worry? The role of affect in information seeking and avoidance. Science Communication, 35(2), 189–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547012441873
  • Zhao, X. (2009). Media use and global warming perceptions: A snapshot of the reinforcing spirals. Communication Research, 36(5), 698–723. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650209338911
  • Zillmann, D. (2006). Exemplification effects in the promotion of safety and health. Journal of Communication, 56(s1), S221–S237. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00291.x
  • Zillmann, D., Gibson, R., Sundar, S. S., & Perkins, J. W. (1996). Effects of exemplification in news reports on the perception of social issues. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 73(2), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909607300213

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.