References
- Frame JD, Gocke DJ, Baldwin JM, et al. Lassa fever, a new virus disease of man from West Africa; I. Clinical description and pathological findings. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1970;19:670–676. doi:https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1970.19.670.
- Buckley SM, Casals J. Lassa fever, a new virus disease of man from West Africa; III. Isolation and characterization of the virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1970;19:680–691. doi:https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1970.19.680.
- Nigerian CDC (NCDC). An update of Lassa fever outbreak in Nigeria for week 53 – 2020 [Internet]. Abudja, Nigeria; 2021. https://ncdc.gov.ng/themes/common/files/sitreps/a600cd03d2fb06373903e6644fafc0ee.pdf.
- Günther S, Lenz O. Lassa virus. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 2004. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10408360490497456.
- McCormick JB, Webb PA, Krebs JW, et al. A prospective study of the Epidemiology and ecology of Lassa fever. J Infect Dis. 1987;155:437–444. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/155.3.437.
- Gaythorpe KAM, Hamlet A, Jean K, et al. The global burden of yellow fever. Elife. 2021;10; doi:https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.64670.
- Yang X, Quam MBM, Zhang T, et al. Global burden for dengue and the evolving pattern in the past 30 years. J Travel Med. 2021. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taab146.
- Ehlkes L, George M, Samosny G, et al. Management of a Lassa fever outbreak, rhineland-palatinate, Germany, 2016. Eurosurveillance. 2017;22:16–00728. doi:https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.39.16-00728.
- Kofman A, Choi MJ, Rollin PE. Lassa fever in travelers from West Africa, 1969–2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019;25:236–239. doi:https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2502.180836.
- Monath TP, Newhouse VF, Kemp GE, et al. Lassa virus isolation from Mastomys natalensis rodents during an epidemic in Sierra Leone. Science (80-). 1974;185:263–265. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4147.263.
- Towner JS, Pourrut X, Albariño CG, et al. Marburg virus infection detected in a common African bat. PLoS One. 2007;2; doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000764.
- Halpin K, Young PL, Field HE, et al. Isolation of Hendra virus from pteropid bats: a natural reservoir of Hendra virus. J Gen Virol. 2000;81:1927–1932. doi:https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-81-8-1927.
- Chua KB, Lek Koh C, Hooi PS, et al. Isolation of nipah virus from Malaysian island flying-foxes. Microbes Infect. 2002;4:145–151. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01522-2.
- Walker DH, Wulff H, Lange JV, et al. Comparative pathology of Lassa virus infection in monkeys, Guinea-pigs, and Mastomys natalensis. Bull World Health Organ. 1975;52:523–534. internal-pdf://231.108.114.89/Walker 1975 Comparative Pathology of Lassa Vir.pdf.
- Fichet-Calvet E, Lecompte E, Koivogui L, et al. Fluctuation of abundance and Lassa virus prevalence in Mastomys natalensis in Guinea, West Africa. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2007;7:119–128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2006.0520.
- Mariën J, Borremans B, Kourouma F, et al. Evaluation of rodent control to fight Lassa fever based on field data and mathematical modelling. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2019;8:640–649. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1605846.
- Lecompte E, Fichet-Calvet E, Daffis S, et al. Mastomys natalensis and Lassa fever, West Africa. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12:1971–1974. doi:https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1212.060812.
- Keenlyside RA, McCormick JB, Webb PA, et al. Case-control study of Mastomys natalensis and humans in Lassa virus-infected households in Sierra Leone. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1983;32:829–837. doi:https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1983.32.829.
- Kerneis S, Koivogui L, Magassouba N, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of Lassa seropositivity in inhabitants of the forest region of Guinea: a cross-sectional study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3:e548. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000548.
- Sogoba N, Rosenke K, Adjemian J, et al. Lassa virus seroprevalence in sibirilia commune, bougouni district, southern Mali. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22:657–663. doi:https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2204.151814.
- Fisher-Hoch SP, Tomori O, Nasidi A, et al. Review of cases of nosocomial Lassa fever in Nigeria: the high price of poor medical practice. Br Med J. 1995;311:857. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.7009.857.
- Kafetzopoulou LE, Pullan ST, Lemey P, et al. Metagenomic sequencing at the epicenter of the Nigeria 2018 Lassa fever outbreak. Science (80-). 2019;363:74–77. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau9343.
- Hoffmann C, Wurr S, Pallasch E, et al. Experimental Morogoro virus infection in Its natural host, Mastomys natalensis. Viruses. 2021;13:851. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/v13050851.
- Borremans B, Vossen R, Becker-Ziaja B, et al. Shedding dynamics of Morogoro virus, an African arenavirus closely related to Lassa virus, in its natural reservoir host Mastomys natalensis. Sci Rep. 2015;5:1–8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep10445.
- Fulhorst CF, Milazzo ML, Bradley RD, et al. Experimental infection of Neotoma albigula (Muridae) with whitewater arroyo virus (Arenaviridae). Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001;65:147–151. doi:https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.147.
- Fulhorst CF, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ, et al. Experimental infection of the cane mouse Zygodontomys brevicauda (family Muridae) with Guanarito virus (Arenaviridae), the etiologic agent of Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever. J Infect Dis. 1999;180:966–969. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/315029.
- Bonwitt J, Sáez AM, Lamin J, et al. At home with mastomys and rattus: human-rodent interactions and potential for primary transmission of lassa virus in domestic spaces. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;96:935–943. doi:https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0675.
- Safronetz D, Rosenke K, Fischer RJ, et al. Establishment of a genetically confirmed breeding colony of Mastomys natalensis from wild-caught founders from West Africa. Viruses. 2021;13:590. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040590.
- Wozniak DM, Kirchoff N, Hansen-Kant K, et al. Hematology and clinical chemistry reference ranges for laboratory-bred natal multimammate mice (Mastomys natalensis). Viruses. 2021;13:187. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/v13020187.
- Safronetz D, Lopez JE, Sogoba N, et al. Detection of lassa virus, Mali. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16:1123–1126. doi:https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1607.100146.
- Colangelo P, Verheyen E, Leirs H, et al. A mitochondrial phylogeographic scenario for the most widespread African rodent, Mastomys natalensis. Biol J Linn Soc. 2013;108:901–916. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12013.
- Auperin DD, McCormick JB. Nucleotide sequence of the Lassa virus (Josiah strain) S genome RNA and amino acid sequence comparison of the N and GPC proteins to other arenaviruses. Virology. 1989;168:421–425. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(89)90287-0.
- Oestereich L, Lüdtke A, Ruibal P, et al. Chimeric mice with competent hematopoietic immunity reproduce Key features of severe Lassa fever. PLOS Pathog. 2016;12:e1005656. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005656.
- Sattler RA, Paessler S, Ly H, et al. Animal models of Lassa fever. Pathogens. 2020;9:197. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030197.
- Olayemi A, Cadar D, Magassouba NN, et al. New hosts of The Lassa virus. Sci Rep. 2016;6:25280. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25280.
- Ehichioya DU, Dellicour S, Pahlmann M, et al. Phylogeography of Lassa virus in Nigeria. J Virol. 2019;93; doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00929-19.
- Fichet-Calvet E, Lecompte E, Koivogui L, et al. Reproductive characteristics of Mastomys natalensis and Lassa virus prevalence in Guinea. West Africa Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2008;8:41–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2007.0118.
- Honke N, Shaabani N, Teijaro JR, et al. Presentation of autoantigen in peripheral lymph nodes is sufficient for priming autoreactive CD8+ T cells. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00113.
- Rodrigo WWSI, Ortiz-Riaño E, Pythoud C, et al. Arenavirus nucleoproteins prevent activation of nuclear factor kappa B. J Virol. 2012;86:8185–8197. doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.07240-11.
- Pythoud C, Rodrigo WWSI, Pasqual G, et al. Arenavirus Nucleoprotein targets Interferon regulatory factor-activating kinase IKKϵ. J Virol. 2012;86:7728–7738. doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00187-12.
- Xing J, Ly H, Liang Y. The Z proteins of pathogenic but Not nonpathogenic arenaviruses inhibit RIG-i-like receptor-dependent Interferon production. J Virol. 2015;89:2944–2955. doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03349-14.
- McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP. Lassa fever. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2002: 75–109. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56029-3_4.
- McCormick JB. Epidemiology and control of Lassa fever. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1987;134:69–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71726-0_3.
- Buckley SM, Casals J, Downs WG. Isolation and antigenic characterization of lassa virus. Nature. 1970;227:174. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/227174a0.
- Demartini JC, Green DE, Monath TP. Lassa virus infection in Mastomys natalensis in Sierra Leone. Gross and microscopic findings in infected and uninfected animals. Bull World Health Organ. 1975;52:651–663.
- Mariën J, Borremans B, Gryseels S, et al. No measurable adverse effects of Lassa, Morogoro and Gairo arenaviruses on their rodent reservoir host in natural conditions. Parasites Vectors. 2017;10:210. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2146-0.
- Wu-Hsieh B, Howard DH, Ahmed R. Virus-induced immunosuppression: a murine model of susceptibility to opportunistic infection. J Infect Dis. 1988;158:232–235. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/158.1.232.
- Traub E. Epidemiology of lymphocytic choriomeningitis in a mouse stock observed for four years. J Exp Med. 1939;69:801–818. doi:https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.69.6.801.
- Bell TM, Shaia CI, Bearss JJ, et al. Temporal progression of lesions in Guinea pigs infected with Lassa virus. Vet Pathol. 2017;54:549–562. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985816677153.
- Cashman KA, Smith MA, Twenhafel NA, et al. Evaluation of Lassa antiviral compound ST-193 in a Guinea pig model. Antiviral Res. 2011;90:70–79. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.02.012.
- Yun NE, Seregin AV, Walker DH, et al. Mice lacking functional STAT1 are highly susceptible to lethal infection with Lassa virus. J Virol. 2013;87:10908–10911. doi:https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01433-13.