Investigation of shallow subsurface soil for engineering construction: A case study of Etioro Akoko, Southwestern Nigeria

References

• AASHTO. (1993). Standard specification for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing (14th ed.). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.
   Google Scholar
• Adebisi, N. O., Ariyo, S. O., & Sotikare, P. B. (2016). Electrical resistivity and geotechnical assessment of subgrade soils in southwestern part of Nigeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 119, 256–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.03.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adekeye, A. M., Olofinyo, O. O., & Ale, T. O. (2021). Engineering properties and strength evaluation of subsoil in Ede North, Southwestern Nigeria: Its competence for foundation purposes. Engineering Heritage Journal, 5(2), 58–64. https://doi.org/10.26480/gwk.02.2021.58.64
   Google Scholar
• Adelusi, A. O., Akinlalu, A. A., & Nwachukwu, A. I. (2013). Integrated geophysical investigation for post construction studies of buildings around school of science area, federal university of technology, Akure, Southwestern, Nigeria. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 8(15), 657–669. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJPS2012.0204
   Google Scholar
• Ademila, O., 2017. Engineering geophysical investigation of some unstable sections of Ibadan-Iwo-Osogbo Highway, Southwestern Nigeria. University of Ibadan, [unpublished PhD thesis]
   Google Scholar
• Ademila, O., Olayinka, A. I., & Oladunjoye, M. A. (2020). Land satellite imagery and integrated geophysical investigations of highway pavement instability in southwestern Nigeria. Geology, Geophysics and Environment, 46(2), 135–157. https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2020.46.2.135
   Google Scholar
• Adeyemo, I. A., 2004. Application of Electrical Resistivity method in investigation of causes of Road failure Along Ilesha-Akure-Benin Federal Highway, M.Tech Thesis, Unpublished.
   Google Scholar
• Aigbedion, I., Bawallah, M. A., Ilugbo, S. O., Abulu, F. O., Eguakhide, V., Afuaman, E. W., & Ukubile, B. (2019). Geophysical investigation for pre-foundation studies at RCCG, Calvary Love Parish 2, Ukpenu, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 4(5), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20190402.14
   Google Scholar
• Akingboye, A. S., & Osazuwa, I. B. Subsurface geological, hydrogeophysical and engineering characterisation of Etioro-Akoko, southwestern Nigeria, using electrical resistivity tomography. (2021). NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, 10(1), 43–57. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/20909977.2020.1868659
   Google Scholar
• Akinseye, S. T., 2010. Climate variability and effects of weather elements on cocoa and cashew crops in Nigeria, M.Tech Thesis, Unpublished.
   Google Scholar
• Ale, T. O. (2021). Engineering properties of sub-soils along Akungba-Ikare road, Southwestern Nigeria: Appraising the effect on road construction. Journal of Mining and Geology, 57(2), 513–520.
   Google Scholar
• Ale, T. O. (2022). Effect of drying temperature on the engineering properties of stabilised and natural soils for road construction. Engineering Heritage Journal, 6(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.26480/gwk.01.2022.01.05
   Google Scholar
• Ale, T. O., Ogunribido, T. H. T., Olatunji, Y. I., Faseki, O. E., Olomo, K. O., Ajidahun, J., Olofinyo, O. O., Johnson, T. D., & Asubiojo, T. M. (2022). Engineering properties of soil samples from stable and failed sections: An example of Akure-Idanre road, Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, 58(1), 123–128.
   Google Scholar
• Aminu, M. B., Akande, T. M., & Ishola, A. O. (2014). 2D geoelectric imaging of the Uneme-Nekhua fracture zone. International Journal of Geophysics, 2014, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/842812
   Google Scholar
• Bell, F. G. (2007). Engineering geology. Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Bello, A. A., & Atilola, A. I. (2015). Flexible pavement assessment of selected highways in ifelodun local Government Ikirun Osun State Southwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 5(8), 475–484.
   Google Scholar
• Bowles, J. E. (1992). Engineering Properties of soils and their measurements (4th International ed.). McGraw Hill Incorporated.
   Google Scholar
• Brink, A. B. A., Patridge, J. E., & Williams, A. A. B. (1982). Soil Survey for Engineering. Claredon.
   Google Scholar
• British Standard, B. S. (1990). Methods of testing soils for civil engineering purposes. British Standards Institution.
   Google Scholar
• Casagrande, A. (1947). Classification and identification of soils. American Society of Engineers.
   Google Scholar
• Chambers, J. E., Ogilvy, R. D., Kura, O., Cripps, J. C., & Meldrum, P. I. (2002). 3D electrical imaging of known targets at a controlled environmental test site. Environmental Geology, 41(6), 690–704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-001-0452-4
   Google Scholar
• Eissa, R. (2021). Electrical resistivity tomography application for buried foundation investigations: Insights and review. Iraqi Geological Journal, 54(2E), 122–133. https://doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.2E.8Ms-2021-11-24
   Google Scholar
• Eissa, R., Cassidy, N., Pringle, J., & Stimpson, I. (2019). Electrical resistivity tomography array comparisons to detect cleared-wall foundations in brownfield sites. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 53(1), 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2018-192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Federal Ministry of Works and Housing (FMWH). (1997). General specification for roads and bridges, vol II. Federal Highway Department Lagos.
   Google Scholar
• Federal Ministry of Works and Housing (FMWH). (2010). General specification of roads and bridges. 2, 137–275.
   Google Scholar
• Gidigasu, M. D. (1974). Degree of weathering in the identification of laterite materials for engineering purposes — a review. Engineering Geology, 8(3), 216–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(74)90001-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holtz, W. G., & Gibbs, H. J. (1956). Engineering properties of expansive soils. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 121(1), 641–679. https://doi.org/10.1061/TACEAT.0007325
   Google Scholar
• Hyoumbi, T. W., Wouatong, A. S. L., Pizette, P., Nor-Edine, A., & Medjo Eko, R. (2017). Assessment of laterite suitable for road construction in Bafang area (Cameroon) based on physical properties, geo-environmental factors and gis-software. Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology, 4(3), 2458–9403.
   Google Scholar
• Kamtchueng, T. B., Onana, V. L., Fantong, W. Y., Akira, U., Ntouala, R. F. D., Wongolo, M. H. D., Ndongo, G. B., Ze, A. N., Kamgang, V. K., & Ondoa, J. M. (2015). Geotechnical, chemical and mineralogical evaluation of lateritic soils in humid tropical area (Mfou, Central-Cameroon): Implications for road construction. International Journal of Geo-Engineering, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40703-014-0001-0
   Google Scholar
• Kulanthaivel, P., Selvakumar, S., Soundara, B., Kayalvizhi, V. S., & Bhuvaneshwari, S. (2021). Combined effect of nanosilica and randomly distributed fibers on the strength behavior of clay soil. Nanotechnology for Environmental Engineering, 7(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41204-021-00176-3
   Google Scholar
• Kulanthaivel, P., Soundara, B., & Das, A. (2020). Performance study on stabilization of fine grained clay soils using calcium source producing microbes. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 24(9), 2631–2642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-020-2028-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulanthaivel, P., Soundara, B., Selvakumar, S., & Das, A. (2022a). Application of waste eggshell as a source of calcium in bacterial biocementation to enhance the engineering characteristics of sand. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(44), 66450–66461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20484-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulanthaivel, P., Soundara, B., Selvakumar, S., & Das, A. (2022b). Effect of biocementation on the strength behaviour of clay soils using egg shell as calcium source. Environmental Earth Sciences, 81(13), 348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10475-w
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loke, M. H., & Lane, J. W. (2004). Tutorial: 2D and 3D electrical imaging surveys. ASEG Extended Abstracts, 2004(1), 136. https://doi.org/10.1071/ASEG2004ab091
   Google Scholar
• Maignien, R. (1966). Review of research on laterites. UNESCO Natural Resources Research IV.
   Google Scholar
• Obioha, Y. E., Selemo, A. O., Sowa, A., & Nwagbara, J. (2021). Geological and geotechnical investigation of road failure in Nigeria: A case study of parts of Imo-Abia States, Southeastern Nigeria. Engineering Research Journal, 1(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.46654/ERJ.1501
   Google Scholar
• Ofomola, M. O., Iserhien-Emekeme, R. E., Okocha, F. O., & Adeoye, T. O. (2018). Evaluation of subsoil competence for foundation studies at site III of the Delta State University, Nigeria. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 15(3), 638–657. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-2140/aaa073
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogunribido, T. H. T., Mohammed, M. Z., & Adesuyi, A. R. (2015). Effect of Engineering Properties of Soil on Pavement Failures in Ogbagi – Akoko Area, Southwestern, Nigeria. Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 5(4), 39–42.
   Google Scholar
• Ogunyele, A. C., Oluwajana, O. A., Ehinola, I. Q., Ameh, B. E., & Salaudeen, T. A. (2019). Petrochemistry and petrogenesis of the Precambrian basement complex rocks around Akungba-Akoko, southwestern Nigeria. Materials and Geoenvironment, 66(3), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.2478/rmzmag-2019-0036
   Google Scholar
• Olabode, O. F. (2019). Potential groundwater recharge sites mapping in a typical basement terrain: A GIS methodology approach. Journal of Geovisualization & Spatial Analysis, 3(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41651-019-0028-z
   Google Scholar
• Olofinyo, O. O., Ale, T. O., Odebode, O. S., & Esan, D. S. (2022). Effect of Compaction at different energy levels on the geotechnical properties of stabilized soils. Malaysian Journal of Geosciences, 6(2), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.26480/mjg.01.2022.29.35
   Google Scholar
• Oluwakuse, O. A., Ademeso, O. A., Adeyemo, I. A., & Oluwakuse, M. M. (2019). Geophysical and engineering geological evaluations of subsoil competence: A case study of Alagbaka extension Akure, Southwestern Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 7(6), 01–13. https://doi.org/10.9790/0990-0706030113
   Google Scholar
• Oluwakuse, O. A., Oluwakuse, M. M., & Adeyemo, I. A. (2020). Engineering geological investigation of pavement failure along Emure Ekiti-Akungba Akoko Road, Southwestern Nigeria. Asian Journal of Geological Research, 3(2), 34–41.
   Google Scholar
• Oyeyemi, K. D., Aizebeokhai, A. P., Adagunodo, T. A., Olofinnade, O. M., Sanuade, O. A., & Olaojo, A. A. (2017). Subsoil characterization using geoelectrical and geotechnical investigations: Implications for foundation studies. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(10), 302–314.
   Google Scholar
• Ozegin, K. O., Bawallah, M. A., Ilugbo, S. O., Olaogun, S. O., Oyedele, A. A., & Iluore, K. (2019). Susceptibility test for road construction: A case study of shake Road, Irrua, Edo State. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: H Environment & Earth Science, 19(1), 45–53.
   Google Scholar
• Rahaman, M. A. (1988). Recent advances in the study of the basement complex of Nigeria. In Precambrian Geology of Nigeria, Geological Survey of Nigeria. Kaduna South.
   Google Scholar
• Simon, A. B., Giesecke, J., & Bidlo, G. (1973). Use of lateritic soils for road construction in North Dahomey. Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, 7(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(73)90031-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skempton, A. W., 1953. The colloidal “activity” of clays. In: Proceedings of 3rd international conference of soil mechanics, Zurich, Pp. 57–61.
   Google Scholar
• South Koreo. (2000). Dippro for windows dippro tm version 4.0 processing and interpretation software for dipole dipole electrical resistivity data. KIGAM, Daejon.
   Google Scholar
• Sowers, G. F. (1979). Introductory soil mechanics and foundations: Geotechnical engineering (4th ed.). Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Woods, K. B. (1937). Compaction of Embankments. Proceedings of Highways Resources, Washington, 18(2), 142–181.
   Google Scholar
• Wouatong, A. S. L., Hyoumbi, T. W., Ngapgue, F., Katte, V., & Kamgang, K. B. V. (2014). Mineralogical and geotechnical characteristics of the loose weathered trachytes of Fongo-Tongo (West-Cameroon). International Journal of Applied Science, 4(7), 85–96.
   Google Scholar