Drought stress effect, tolerance, and management in wheat – a review

References

• Abdelsalam, N. R., Abdel-Megeed, A., Ghareeb, R. Y., Ali, H. M., Salem, M. Z., Akrami, M., Al-Hayalif, M. F., & Desoky, E.-S M. (2022). Genotoxicity assessment of amino zinc nanoparticles in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as cytogenetical perspective. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 29(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdoli, M., & Saedi, M. (2012). Effects of water deficiency stress during seed growth on yield and its components, germination and seedling growth parameters of some wheat cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4, 1110–1118.
   Google Scholar
• Abraha, M. T., Hussein, S., Laing, M., & Assefa, K. (2015). Genetic management of drought in tef: Current status and future research directions. Global Journal of Crop, Soil Science and Plant Breeding, 3, 156–161.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad, A., Aslam, Z., Javed, T., Hussain, S., Raza, A., Shabbir, R., Mora-Poblete, F., Saeed, T., Zulfiqar, F., Ali, M. M., Nawaz, M., Rafiq, M., Osman, H. S., Albaqami, M., Ahmed, M. A. A., & Tauseef, M. (2022). Screening of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for drought tolerance through agronomic and physiological response. Agronomy, 12(2), 287. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020287
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad, Z., Waraich, E. A., Akhtar, S., Anjum, S., Ahmad, T., Mahboob, W., Hafeez, O. B. A., Tapera, T., Labuschagne, M., & Rizwan, M. (2018). Physiological responses of wheat to drought stress and its mitigation approaches. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 40(4), 80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-018-2651-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ajithkumar, I. P., & Panneerselvam, R. (2014). ROS scavenging system, osmotic maintenance, pigment and growth status of Panicum sumatrense Roth. under drought stress. Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, 68, 587–595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-013-9746-x
   Google Scholar
• Akter, N., & Rafiqul Islam, M. (2017). Heat stress effects and management in wheat. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 37(5), 6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-017-0443-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali, M., Gul, A., Hasan, H., Gul, S., Fareed, A., Nadeem, M., Siddique, R, Jan, S. U., & Jamil, M. (2020). Cellular mechanisms of drought tolerance in wheat. In M. Ozturk & A. Gul (Eds.), Climate change and food security with emphasis on wheat (pp. 155–167). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819527-7.00009-1
   Google Scholar
• Almansouri, M., Kinet, J. M., & Lutts, S. (2001). Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant and Soil, 231(2), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010378409663
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. V., & Davis, D. G. (2004). Abiotic stress alters transcript profiles and activity of glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in Euphorbia esula. Physiologia Plantarum, 120(3), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.00249.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ania, W. (2003). Use of biotechnology in agriculture—Benefits and risks. Biotechnology, 3, 1–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anjum, S. A., Ashraf, U., Zohaib, A., Tanveer, M., Naeem, M., Ali, I., Tabassum, T., & Nazir, U. (2017). Growth and developmental responses of crop plants under drought stress: A review. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 104(3), 267–276. https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2017.104.034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anosheh, H. P., Moucheshi, A. S., Pakniyat, H., & Pessarakli, M. (2016). Stomatal responses to drought stress. Water Stress and Crop Plants, 1, 24–40.
   Google Scholar
• Arbona, V., Manzi, M., de Ollas, C., & Gómez-Cadenas, A. (2013). Metabolomics as a tool to investigate abiotic stress tolerance in plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 14(3), 4885–4911. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms14034885
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aroca, R. (2013). Plant responses to drought stress: From morphological to molecular features. In Plant responses to drought stress from morphological to molecular features. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32653-0
   Google Scholar
• Arzani, A., & Ashraf, M. (2017). Cultivated ancient wheats (Triticum spp.): A potential source of health-beneficial food products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 16(3), 477–488. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bala, R. (2000). Metabolic engineering for stress tolerance: Installing osmoprotectant synthesis pathways. Annals of Botany, 86, 709–716. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.2000.1254
   Google Scholar
• Bandurska, H., Niedziela, J., Pietrowska-Borek, M., Nuc, K., Chadzinikolau, T., & Radzikowska, D. (2017). Regulation of proline biosynthesis and resistance to drought stress in two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes of different origin. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry: PPB, 118, 427–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbara, S., Resources, N., & Collins, F. (2007). Microbial stress-response physiology and its implications. Ecology, 88, 1386–1394.
   Google Scholar
• Bhandari, R., Gnawali, S., Nyaupane, S., Kharel, S., Poudel, M., & Panth, P. (2021). Effect of drought & irrigated environmental condition on yield & yield attributing characteristic of bread wheat-A review. Reviews in Food and Agriculture, 2(2), 59–62. https://doi.org/10.26480/rfna.02.2021.59.62
   Google Scholar
• Bing, Y. I. (2014). Effect of drought stress during flowering stage on starch accumulation and starch synthesis enzymes in sorghum grains. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13, 2399–2406.
   Google Scholar
• Blum, A. (2017). Osmotic adjustment is a prime drought stress adaptive engine in support of plant production. Plant, Cell & Environment, 40(1), 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12800
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çakir, R. (2004). Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops Research, 89(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2004.01.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chachar, M. H., Chachar, N. A., & Chachar, Q. (2016). Physiological characterization of six wheat. International Journal of Educational Research, 4, 13.
   Google Scholar
• Chapman, S. C., Chakraborty, S., Dreccer, M. F., & Howden, S. M. (2012). Plant adaptation to climate change opportunities and priorities in breeding. Crop and Pasture Science, 63(3), 251–268. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP11303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H., Moakhar, N. P., Iqbal, M., Pozniak, C., Hucl, P., & Spaner, D. (2016). Genetic variation for flowering time and height reducing genes and important traits in western Canadian spring wheat. Euphytica, 208(2), 377–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-015-1615-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, L., Du, Y., Lu, Q., Chen, H., Meng, R., Cui, C., Lu, S., Yang, Y., Chai, Y., Li, J., Liu, L., Qi, X., Li, H., Mishina, K., Yu, F., & Hu, Y.-G. (2018). The photoperiod-insensitive allele Ppd-D1a promotes earlier flowering in Rht12 dwarf plants of bread wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1312. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01312
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, L., Yang, Y., Cui, C., Lu, S., Lu, Q., Du, Y., Su, R., Chai, Y., Li, H., Chen, F., Yu, F., & Hu, Y.-G. (2018). Effects of Vrn-B1 and Ppd-D1 on developmental and agronomic traits in Rht5 dwarf plants of bread wheat. Field Crops Research, 219, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.01.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S. Y., Zhang, X. Y., Pei, D., Sun, H. Y., & Chen, S. L. (2007). Effects of straw mulching on soil temperature, evaporation and yield of winter wheat: Field experiments on the North China Plain. Annals of Applied Biology. 150(3), 261–268. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2007.00144.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chowdhury, M. K., Hasan, M. A., Bahadur, M. M., Islam, M. R., Hakim, M. A., Iqbal, M. A., Javed, T., Raza, A., Shabbir, R., Sorour, S., Elsanafawy, N. E. M., Anwar, S., Alamri, S., Sabagh, A. E., & Islam, M. S. (2021). Evaluation of drought tolerance of some wheat (Triticum). Agronomy, 11(9), 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091792
   Google Scholar
• Close, T. J. (1996). Dehydrins: Emergence of a biochemical role of a family of plant dehydration proteins. Physiologia Plantarum, 97(4), 795–803. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1996.970422.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai, A. (2013). Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models. Nature Climate Change, 3(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1633
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalirie, M. S., Sharifi, R. S., & Farzaneh, S. (2010). Evaluation of yield, dry matter accumulation and leaf area index in wheat genotypes as affected by terminal drought stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38, 182–186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Simone, V., Soccio, M., Borrelli, G. M., Pastore, D., & Trono, D. (2014). Stay-green trait-antioxidant status interrelationship in durum wheat (Triticum durum) flag leaf during post-flowering. Journal of Plant Research, 127(1), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-013-0584-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deshmukh, P., Sairam, R., & Shukla, D. (1991). Measurement of ion leakage as a screening technique for drought resistance in wheat genotypes. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 34, 89–91.
   Google Scholar
• Doležel, J. (2010). Development of chromosome-specific BAC resources for genomics of bread. Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1159/000313072
   Google Scholar
• Du, Y., Chen, L., Wang, Y., Yang, Z., Saeed, I., Daoura, B. G., & Hu, Y.-G. (2018). The combination of dwarfing genes Rht4 and Rht8 reduced plant height, improved yield traits of rainfed bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Field Crops Research, 215, 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.10.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Mouhamady, A. B. A., El-Hawary, M. M., Ali, M., & Habouh, F. (2023). Transgenic wheat for drought stress tolerance: A review. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 12(1), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.36632/mejar/202
   Google Scholar
• Fang, Y., & Xiong, L. (2015). General mechanisms of drought response and their application in drought resistance improvement in plants. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS, 72(4), 673–689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1767-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FAOSTAT. (2022). FAOSTAT. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC
   Google Scholar
• Farooq, M., Hussain, M., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2014). Drought stress in wheat during flowering and grain-filling periods drought stress in wheat during flowering and grain-filling. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 33(4), 331–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689.2014.875291
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., & Basra, S. M. A. (2009). Plant drought stress: Effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29(1), 185–212. https://doi.org/10.1051/agro:2008021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fierer, N., & Schimel, J. P. (2002). Effects of drying ± rewetting frequency on soil carbon and nitrogen transformations. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34(6), 777–787. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(02)00007-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkelstein, R. R., Gampala, S. S. L., & Rock, C. D. (2002). Abscisic acid signaling in seeds and seedlings. The Plant Cell, 14(suppl 1), S15–S45. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.010441
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Galiba, G., Kerepesi, I., Snape, J. W., & Sutka, J. (1997). Location of a gene regulating cold-induced carbohydrate production on chromosome 5A of wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 95(1–2), 265–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050558
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosal, S. S., Wani, S. H., & Kang, M. S. (2010). Biotechnology and drought tolerance. Water and Agricultural Sustainability Strategies, 23(1), 19–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427520802418251
   Google Scholar
• Grandgirard, J., Poinsot, D., Krespi, L., Nénon, J. P., & Cortesero, A. M. (2002). Costs of secondary parasitism in the facultative hyperparasitoid Pachycrepoideus dubius: Does host size matter? Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 103(3), 239–248. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1570-7458.2002.00982.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajibarat, Z., & Saidi, A. (2022). Senescence-associated proteins and nitrogen remobilization in grain filling under drought stress condition. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 20(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-022-|00378-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampson, C. R., & Simpson, G. M. (1990). Effects of temperature, salt, and osmotic potential on early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). II. Early seedling growth. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68(3), 529–532. https://doi.org/10.1139/b90-073
   Google Scholar
• Hartung, W., Sauter, A., & Hose, E. (2002). Abscisic acid in the xylem: Where does it come from, where does it go to ? Journal of Experimental Botany, 53(366), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.366.27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M. H. M. B., Zulfiqar, F., Raza, A., & Fotopoulos, V. (2020). Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in plants under abiotic stress: Revisiting the crucial role of a universal defense regulator.
   Google Scholar
• He, F., Sheng, M., & Tang, M. (2017). Effects of rhizophagus irregularis on photosynthesis and antioxidative enzymatic system in Robinia pseudoacacia L. under drought stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Hossain, A., Teixeira da Silva, J. A., Lozovskaya, M. V., & Zvolinsky, V. P. (2012). High temperature combined with drought affect rainfed spring wheat and barley in South-Eastern Russia: I. Phenology and growth. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 19(4), 473–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2012.07.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossain, M. A., Wani, S. H., Bhattacharjee, S., Burritl, D. J., & Tran, L. S. P. (2016). Drought stress tolerance in plants, vol 1: Physiology and biochemistry. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 1(1), 1–526.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, Y., & Schmidhalter, U. (2005). Drought and salinity: A comparison of their effects on mineral nutrition of. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 168(4), 541–549. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200420516
   Google Scholar
• Huang, L., Zhang, H., Song, Y., Yang, Y., Chen, H., & Tang, M. (2017). Subcellular compartmentalization and chemical forms of lead participate in lead tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia L. with Funneliformis mosseae. Frontiers in Plant Science, 08, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00517
   Google Scholar
• Hussain, A., & Jatoi, W. A. (2021). Drought tolerance indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under water deficit conditions. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, 20, 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, F., & Hartung, W. (2007). Long-distance signalling of abscisic acid (ABA): The factors regulating the intensity of the ABA signal. Journal of Experimental Botany, 59(1), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erm127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, M. B., Leafe, E. L., & Stiles, W. (1980). Water stress in field-grown perennial ryegrass. I. Its effect on growth, canopy photosynthesis and transpiration. Annals of Applied Biology, 96(1), 87–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1980.tb04772.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshi, R., Wani, S. H., Singh, B., Bohra, A., Dar, Z. A., Lone, A. A., Pareek, A., & Singla-Pareek, S. L. (2016). Transcription factors and plants response to drought stress: Current understanding and future directions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jungang, W., Guocang, C., & Chenglie, Z. (2002). The effects of water stress on soluble protein content, the activity of SOD, POD and CAT of two ecotypes of reeds (Phragmites communis). Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 22, 561–565.
   Google Scholar
• Kalladan, R., Worch, S., Rolletschek, H., Harshavardhan, V. T., Kuntze, L., Seiler, C., Sreenivasulu, N., & Röder, M. S. (2013). Identification of quantitative trait loci contributing to yield and seed quality parameters under terminal drought in barley advanced backcross lines. Molecular Breeding, 32(1), 71–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-013-9853-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamal, T., Atiq, M., Khan, U., Khan, F. U., & Ahmed, S. (2020). Comparison among different stability models for yield in bread wheat. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 36, 282–290.
   Google Scholar
• Kandel, S. (2021). Wheat responses, defence mechanisms and tolerance to drought stress: A review article. International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 8(5), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijrasb.8.5.14
   Google Scholar
• Kaur, G., & Asthir, B. (2017). Molecular responses to drought stress in plants. Biologia Plantarum, 61(2), 201–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-016-0700-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaveh, M., & Chayjan, R. A. (2014). Modeling drying characteristics of terebinth fruit under infrared fluidized bed condition evaluation and modeling some engineering properties of three safflower varieties the effect of hydro-priming on germination characteristics. Seedling Growth and Ant, XLVII, 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, M. A., Waseem Akram, M., Iqbal, M., Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed, H., Rehman, A., Arslan Iqbal, H. S. M., & Alam, B. (2023). Communications in soil science and plant analysis multivariate and association analyses of quantitative attributes reveal drought tolerance potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 54(2), 178–195. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2022.2110893
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, T. H. (2014). Mechanism of ABA signal transduction: Agricultural highlights for improving drought tolerance. Journal of Plant Biology, 57(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-014-0901-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, T. H., Böhmer, M., Hu, H., Nishimura, N., & Schroeder, J. I. (2010). Guard cell signal transduction network: Advances in understanding abscisic acid, CO2, and Ca2+ signaling. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 61(1), 561–591. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042809-112226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiyosue, T., Yoshiba, Y., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., & Shinozaki, K. (1996). A nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial proline dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in proline metabolism, is upregulated by proline but downregulated by dehydration in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell, 8(8), 1323–1335. https://doi.org/10.2307/3870304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kou, X., Han, W., & Kang, J. (2022). Responses of root system architecture to water stress at multiple levels: A meta-analysis of trials under controlled conditions. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1085409
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, A., Sharma, S. K., Sharma, C. L., & Iiwbr, I. (2018). Impact of water deficit (salt and drought) stress on physiological, biochemical and yield attributes on wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 86, 144–152. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i10.84255
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, U., Joshi, A. K., Kumari, M., Paliwal, R., Kumar, S., & Röder, M. S. (2010). Identification of QTLs for stay green trait in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the ‘Chirya 3’ × ‘Sonalika’ population. Euphytica, 174(3), 437–445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0155-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumari, M., Singh, V. P., Tripathi, R., & Joshi, A. K. (2007). Variation for staygreen trait and its association with canopy temperature depression and yield traits under terminal heat stress in wheat. International Journal of Plant Breeding, 186, 357–363. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5497-1_44
   Google Scholar
• Kura-Hotta, M., Satoh, K., & Katoh, S. (1987). Relationship between photosynthesis and chlorophyll content during leaf senescence of rice seedlings. Plant Cell Physiology, 28, 1321–1329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kvgk, V. P., & G, R. R. (2019). Various plant’s responses and strategies to cope with the water deficit: A review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8, 159–168.
   Google Scholar
• La, F., & Sylvestris, T. (1990). Influence of drought on the concentration and distribution of 2,4-diaminobutyric acid and other free amino acids in tissues of flatpea (la Thyrus sylvestris L.) liming. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 30, 497–504.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambin, E. F., Turner, B. L., Geist, H. J., Agbola, S. B., Angelsen, A., Bruce, J. W., Coomes, O. T., Dirzo, R., Fischer, G., Folke, C., George, P. S., Homewood, K., Imbernon, J., Leemans, R., Li, X., Moran, E. F., Mortimore, M., Ramakrishnan, P. S., Richards, J. F., … Xu, J. (2001). The causes of land-use and land-cover change: Moving beyond the myths. Global Environmental Change, 11(4), 261–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(01)00007-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehari, K., Kumar, M., Burman, V., Vaishali, A., Kumar, V., Chand, P., & Singh, R. (2019). Morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis of wheat genotypes under drought stress. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SP2, 1026–1030.
   Google Scholar
• Li, X. (2013). Targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species as novel therapy for inflammatory diseases and cancers. 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Li, Y., Song, H., Zhou, L., Xu, Z., & Zhou, G. (2019). Tracking chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator of drought and rewatering across the entire leaf lifespan in a maize field. Agricultural Water Management, 211, 190–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2018.09.050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lisar, S. Y. S., Motafakkerazad, R., & Hossain, M. M. (2012). Water stress in plants: Causes, effects and responses. In I. M. Mofizur Rahman (Ed.), Water stress (vol. 10, pp. 39363). Water stress.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, J., Chen, N., Chen, F., Cai, B., Dal Santo, S., Tornielli, G. B., Pezzotti, M., & Cheng, Z.-M. (2014). Genome-wide analysis and expression profile of the bZIP transcription factor gene family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera). BMC Genomics, 15(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-281
   Google Scholar
• Lu, H., Hu, Y., Wang, C., Liu, W., Ma, G., Han, Q., & Ma, D. (2019). Effects of high temperature and drought stress on the expression of gene encoding enzymes and the activity of key enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in wheat grains. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01414
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maccaferri, M., Sanguineti, M. C., Corneti, S., Ortega, J. L. A., Salem, M. B., Bort, J., DeAmbrogio, E., del Moral, L. F. G., Demontis, A., El-Ahmed, A., Maalouf, F., Machlab, H., Martos, V., Moragues, M., Motawaj, J., Nachit, M., Nserallah, N., Ouabbou, H., Royo, C., Slama, A., & Tuberosa, R. (2008). Quantitative trait loci for grain yield and adaptation of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) across a wide range of water availability. Genetics, 178(1), 489–511. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.077297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mafakheri, A., Siosemardeh, A. F., Bahramnejad, B., Struik, P. C., & Sohrabi, Y. (2010). Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll contents in three chickpea cultivars. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4, 580–585.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maghsoudi, K., Emam, Y., & Pessarakli, M. (2016). Effect of silicon on photosynthetic gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, cell membrane stability and relative water content of different wheat cultivars under drought stress conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 39(7), 1001–1015. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2015.1109108
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manjarrez-Sandoval, P., González-Hernández, V. A., Mendoza-Onofre, L. E., & Engleman, E. M. (1989). Drought stress effects on the grain yield and panicle development of sorghum. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 69(3), 631–641. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps89-079
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansour, H. A., El, S., Mohamed, S., & Lightfoot, D. A. (2020). Molecular studies for drought tolerance in some Egyptian wheat genotypes under different irrigation systems. Open Agriculture, 5(1), 280–290. https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2020-0030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCree, K. J., & Davis, S. D. (1974). Effect of water stress and temperature on leaf size and on size and number of epidermal cells in grain sorghum 1. Crop Science, 14(5), 751–755. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1974.0011183X001400050041x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mittler, R., & Blumwald, E. (2015). The roles of ROS and ABA in systemic acquired acclimation. The Plant Cell, 27(1), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.133090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed, A. K., & Kadhem, F. A. (2017). Effect of water stress on yield and yield components of bread wheat genotypes. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 48, 729–739.
   Google Scholar
• Mubarik, M. S. (2021). A manipulative interplay between positive and negative regulators of phytohormones: A way forward for improving drought tolerance in plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 172, 1269–1290. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mwadzingeni, L., Shimelis, H., Dube, E., Laing, M. D., & Tsilo, T. J. (2016). Breeding wheat for drought tolerance: Progress and technologies. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 15(5), 935–943. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61102-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagar, S., Singh, V. P., Arora, A., Dhakar, R., & Ramakrishnan, S. (2015). Assessment of terminal heat tolerance ability of wheat genotypes based on physiological traits using multivariate analysis. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37, 1–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narwal, S. (2015). Genetic and molecular dissection of drought tolerance in wheat and barley. Journal of Wheat Researc, 7, 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Nezhadahmadi, A., Prodhan, Z. H., & Faruq, G. (2013). Drought tolerance in wheat. The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/610721
   Google Scholar
• Nikolaeva, M. K., Maevskaya, S. N., Shugaev, A. G., & Bukhov, N. G. (2010). Effect of drought on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of three wheat cultivars varying in productivity. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 57, 94–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozturk, M., Turkyilmaz Unal, B., García-Caparrós, P., Khursheed, A., Gul, A., & Hasanuzzaman, M. (2021). Osmoregulation and its actions during the drought stress in plants. Physiologia Plantarum. 172(2), 1321–1335. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer, J. H., & Steer, B. T. (1985). The generative area as the site of floret initiation in the sunflower capitulum and its integration to predict floret number. Field Crops Research, 11, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(85)90088-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paudel, B., Zhang, Y., Yan, J., Rai, R., Li, L., Wu, X., Chapagain, P. S., & Khanal, N. R. (2020). Farmers’ understanding of climate change in Nepal Himalayas: important determinants and implications for developing adaptation strategies. Climate Change, 158(3–4), 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02607-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, C., Debnath, B., & Paul, C. (2019). Plant science today species. Plant Science Today, 6(2), 147–150. https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2019.6.2.490
   Google Scholar
• Pierce, F. J., & Rice, C. W. (2015). Crop rotation and its impact on efficiency of water and nitrogen use. In W. L. Hargrove (Ed.), Cropping strategies for efficient use of water and nitrogen (pp. 21–42). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub51.c3
   Google Scholar
• Pnueli, L., Hallak-Herr, E., Rozenberg, M., Cohen, M., Goloubinoff, P., Kaplan, A., & Mittler, R. (2002). Molecular and biochemical mechanisms associated with dormancy and drought tolerance in the desert legume Retama raetam. The Plant Journal, 31(3), 319–330. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.2002.01364.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poddar, S., Chandra, B., Viswavidyalaya, K., & Roy, S. (2022). Response and breeding of wheat under drought stress. Agriculture and Environment, 3, 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Poudel, M. R., Ghimire, S., Pandey, M. P., Dhakal, K. H., & Thapa, D. B. (2020). Evaluation of wheat genotypes under irrigated, heat stress and drought conditions. Journal of Biology and Today’s World, 9, 212.
   Google Scholar
• Prasad, P. V. V., Pisipati, S. R., Momčilović, I., & Ristic, Z. (2011). Independent and combined effects of high temperature and drought stress during grain filling on plant yield and chloroplast EF-Tu expression in spring wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 197(6), 430–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2011.00477.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Premachandra, G. S., Saneoka, H., & Ogata, S. (1990). Cell membrane stability, an indicator of drought tolerance, as affected by applied nitrogen in soyabean. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 115(1), 63–66. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600073925
   Google Scholar
• Qadir, G., S, M., & C, M. A. (1998). Effect of water stress on growth and yield performance of four wheat cultivars. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(1), 236–239. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.1999.236.239
   Google Scholar
• Rabello, A. R., Guimarães, C. M., Rangel, P. H., da Silva, F. R., Seixas, D., de Souza, E., Brasileiro, A. C., Spehar, C. R., Ferreira, M. E., & Mehta, Â. (2008). Identification of drought-responsive genes in roots of upland rice (Oryza sativa L). BMC Genomics, 9(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-9-485
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rakszegi, M., Darkó, É., Lovegrove, A., Molnár, I., Láng, L., Bedő, Z., Molnár-Láng, M., & Shewry, P. (2019). Drought stress affects the protein and dietary fiber content of wholemeal wheat flour in wheat/Aegilops addition lines. PLoS One, 14(2), e0211892. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawtiya, A. K., & Kasal, Y. G. (2021). Drought stress and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield: A review. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 10, 1007–1012.
   Google Scholar
• Raza, M. A. S., Jamil, M., Ijaz, M., Khan, M. A., Saleem, M. F., & Khan, I. H. (2012). Evaluating the drought stress tolerance efficiency of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) Cultivars. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 12, 6.
   Google Scholar
• Reddy, A. R., Chaitanya, K. V., & Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161(11), 1189–1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2004.01.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds, M., & Langridge, P. (2016). Physiological breeding. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 31, 162–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2016.04.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruan, Y. (2014). Sucrose metabolism: Gateway to diverse carbon use and sugar signaling. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050213-040251
   Google Scholar
• Salam, A., Ali, A., Afridi, M. S., & Ali, S. (2022). Agrobiodiversity: Effect of drought stress on the eco-physiology and morphology of wheat chapter 33 agrobiodiversity. Effect of Drought Stress on the Eco-Physiology and Morphology of Wheat, 23, 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73943-0
   Google Scholar
• Saleem, M. F., Sammar Raza, M. A., Ahmad, S., Khan, I. H., & Shahid, A. M. (2016). Understanding and mitigating the impacts of drought stress in cotton-A review understanding and mitigating the impacts of drought stress in cotton-A review. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21162/PAKJAS/16.3341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez, F. J., Manzanares, M., De Andres, E. F., Tenorio, J. L., & Ayerbe, L. (1998). Turgor maintenance, osmotic adjustment and soluble sugar and proline accumulation in 49 pea cultivars in response to water stress. Field Crops Research, 59(3), 225–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(98)00125-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sareen, S., Tyagi, B. S., & Sharma, I. (2012). Response estimation of wheat synthetic lines to terminal heat stress using stress indices. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4, 97–104.
   Google Scholar
• Sharifi, P., & Mohammadkhani, N. (2016). Effects of drought stress on photosynthesis factors in wheat genotypes during anthesis. Cereal Research Communications, 44(2), 229–239. https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.43.2015.054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, B., Yadav, L., Shrestha, A., Shrestha, S., Subedi, M., Subedi, S., & Shrestha, J. (2022). Drought stress and its management in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): A review. Agricultural Science and Technology, 14(1), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.15547/10.15547/ast.2022.01.001
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, P., Jha, A. B., Dubey, R. S., & Pessarakli, M. (2012). Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and antioxidative defense mechanism in plants under stressful conditions. Journal of Botany, 2012, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/217037
   Google Scholar
• Shatil-Cohen, A., Attia, Z., & Moshelion, M. (2011). Bundle-sheath cell regulation of xylem-mesophyll water transport via aquaporins under drought stress: A target of xylem-borne ABA? The Plant Journal, 67(1), 72–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04576.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shavrukov, Y., Kurishbayev, A., Jatayev, S., Shvidchenko, V., Zotova, L., Koekemoer, F., de Groot, S., Soole, K., & Langridge, P. (2017). Early flowering as a drought escape mechanism in plants: How can it aid wheat production? Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01950
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiferaw, B., Smale, M., Braun, H.-J., Duveiller, E., Reynolds, M., & Muricho, G. (2013). Crops that feed the world 10. Past successes and future challenges to the role played by wheat in global food security. Food Security, 5(3), 291–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-013-0263-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shim, J. S., Park, S.-H., Lee, D.-K., Kim, Y. S., Park, S.-C., Redillas, M. C. F. R., Seo, J. S., & Kim, J.-K. (2021). The rice glycine-rich protein 3 confers drought tolerance by regulating mRNA stability of ROS scavenging-related genes. Rice, 14(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-021-00473-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, A., Singh, D., Kang, J. S., & Aggarwal, N. (2011). Management practices to mitigate the impact of high temperature on wheat: A review. IIOAB Journal, 2, 11–22.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, R., Singh, S., Parihar, P., Mishra, R. K., Tripathi, D. K., Singh, V. P., Chauhan, D. K., & Prasad, S. M. (2016). Reactive oxygen species (ROS): Beneficial companions of plants’ developmental processes. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sperry, J. S., Wang, Y., Wolfe, B. T., Mackay, D. S., Anderegg, W. R. L., McDowell, N. G., & Pockman, W. T. (2016). Pragmatic hydraulic theory predicts stomatal responses to climatic water deficits. New Phytologist, 212(3), 577–589. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storme, N. D., & Geelen, D. (2014). The impact of environmental stress on male reproductive development in plants: biological processes and molecular mechanisms. Plant, Cell & Environment, 37(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tatar, Ö., Brück, H., & Asch, F. (2016). Photosynthesis and remobilization of dry matter in wheat as affected by progressive drought stress at stem elongation stage. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 202(4), 292–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/jac.12160
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trouverie, J., Thévenot, C., Rocher, J. P., Sotta, B., & Prioul, J. L. (2003). The role of abscisic acid in the response of a specific vacuolar invertase to water stress in the adult maize leaf. Journal of Experimental Botany, 54(390), 2177–2186. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erg234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• V, P., Ali, K., Singh, A., Vishwakarma, C., Krishnan, V., Chinnusamy, V., & Tyagi, A. (2019). Starch accumulation in rice grains subjected to drought during grain filling stage. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 142, 440–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.07.027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vesala, T., Sevanto, S., Grönholm, T., Salmon, Y., Nikinmaa, E., Hari, P., & Hölttä, T. (2017). Effect of leaf water potential on internal humidity and CO2 dissolution: Reverse transpiration and improved water use efficiency under negative pressure. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waraich, E. A., Ahmad, R., Halim, A., & Aziz, T. (2012). Alleviation of temperature stress by nutrient management in crop plants: A review. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 12(2), 221–244. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162012000200003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiśniewski, K., & Zagdańska, B. (2001). Genotype-dependent proteolytic response of spring wheat to water deficiency. Journal of Experimental Botany, 52(360), 1455–1463. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.360.1455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worch, S., Rajesh, K., Harshavardhan, V. T., Pietsch, C., Korzun, V., Kuntze, L., Börner, A., Wobus, U., Röder, M. S., & Sreenivasulu, N. (2011). Haplotyping, linkage mapping and expression analysis of barley genes regulated by terminal drought stress influencing seed quality. BMC Plant Biology, 11, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-11-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, Q., & Ying-Ning, Z. (2019). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and tolerance of drought stress in plants chapter 2 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and tolerance of drought stress in plants. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4115-0
   Google Scholar
• Yang, J., & Zhang, J. (2006). Grain filling of cereals under soil drying. New Phytologist. 169(2), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01597.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yi, B., Zhou, Y-f., Gao, M-y., Zhang, Z., Han, Y., Yang, G-d., Xu, W., & Huang, R-d (2014). Effect of drought stress during flowering stage on starch accumulation and starch synthesis enzymes in sorghum grains. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 13(11), 2399–2406. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60694-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, J., Jiang, M., & Guo, C. (2019). Crop pollen development under drought: From the phenotype to the mechanism. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(7), 1550. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071550
   Google Scholar
• Yu, X. (2015). Effect of drought stress on the development of endosperm starch granules and the composition and physicochemical properties of starches from soft and hard wheat. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7439
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., & Davies, W. (2023). Increased synthesis of ABA in partially dehydrated root tips and ABA transport from roots to leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany, 38, 2015–2023.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Z., Hu, M., Xu, W., Wang, Y., Huang, K., Zhang, C., & Wen, J. (2021). Understanding the molecular mechanism of anther development under abiotic stresses. Plant Molecular Biology, 105(1–2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-020-01074-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, W., Liu, L., Shen, Q., Yang, J., & Han, X. (2020). Water effects of water stress on photosynthesis, yield, 1–19.[AQ]
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, B., Chenu, K., Fernanda Dreccer, M., & Chapman, S. C. (2012). Breeding for the future: What are the potential impacts of future frost and heat events on sowing and flowering time requirements for Australian bread wheat (Triticum aestivium) varieties? Global Change Biology, 18(9), 2899–2914. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02724.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zivcak, M., Brestic, M., Balatova, Z., Drevenakova, P., Olsovska, K., Kalaji, H. M., Yang, X., & Allakhverdiev, S. I. (2013). Photosynthetic electron transport and specific photoprotective responses in wheat leaves under drought stress. Photosynthesis Research, 117(1–3), 529–546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-013-9885-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zohaib, A., Tabassum, T., Jabbar, A., Anjum, S. A., Abbas, T., Mehmood, A., Irshad, S., Kashif, M., Nawaz, M., Farooq, N., Nasir, I. R., Rasool, T., Nadeem, M., & Ahmad, R. (2018). Effect of plant density, boron nutrition and growth regulation on seed mass, emergence and offspring growth plasticity in cotton. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 10489. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26308-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zörb, C., Ludewig, U., & Hawkesford, M. J. (2018). Perspective on wheat yield and quality with reduced nitrogen supply. Trends in Plant Science. 23(11), 1029–1037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2018.08.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar