The Impact of an Educational Intervention on Enhancing Clinical Knowledge of Physicians and Pharmacists Regarding Statins and Monitoring Parameters: The Experience of a Tertiary Teaching Hospital

References

• Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines. J American Coll Card. 2019;74(10):e177–e232. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wan Q, Harris M, Zwar N, Vagholkar S. Sharing risk management: an implementation model for cardiovascular absolute risk assessment and management in Australian general practice. Int J Clin Pract. 2008;62(6):905–911. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01769.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter BL, Rogers M, Daly J, Zheng S, James PA. The potency of team-based care interventions for hypertension: a meta-analysis. Arch Inter Med. 2009;169(19):1748–1755. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.316
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaczorowski J, Chambers LW, Dolovich L, et al. Improving cardiovascular health at population level: 39 community cluster randomised trial of Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP). BMJ. 2011;342.
   Google Scholar
• Levengood TW, Peng Y, Xiong KZ, et al. Team-based care to improve diabetes management: a community guide meta-analysis. Am J Preventive Med. 2019;57(1):e17–e26. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.02.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandhoff BG, Kuca S, Rasmussen J, Merenich JA. Collaborative cardiac care service: a multidisciplinary approach to caring for patients with coronary artery disease. The Permanente Journal. 2008;12(3):4–11. doi:10.7812/TPP/08-007
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Al-Ashwal FY, Sulaiman SAS, Sheikh Ghadzi SM, Kubas MA, Halboup A, Suppiah V. Physicians and pharmacists’ clinical knowledge of statin therapy and monitoring parameters, and the barriers to guideline implementation in clinical practice. PLoS One. 2023;18(1):e0280432. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0280432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virani SS, Pokharel Y, Steinberg L, et al. Provider understanding of the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guideline. J Clinicl Lipid. 2016;10(3):497–504. e4. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elnaem MH, Mohamed MHN, Huri HZ, Azarisman SM, Elkalmi RM. Statin therapy prescribing for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of current evidence and challenges. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2017;9(2):80–87. doi:10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_30_17
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Al-Ashwal FY, Sulaiman SAS, Sheikh Ghadzi SM, Kubas MA, Halboup A, Clemence M. Risk assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases before statin therapy initiation: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of physicians in Yemen. PLoS One. 2022;17(5):e0269002. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Ashwal FY, Sulaiman SAS, Sheikh Ghadzi SM, Kubas MA, Halboup A. Knowledge, attitude, perceived barriers, and practices among pharmacists regarding risk assessment of cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study in Yemen. Curr Med Res Opin. 2022;38(3):451–459. doi:10.1080/03007995.2021.1994380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elisabeth A, Denig P, van Vliet T, Dekker JH, Tamblyn R. Reasons of general practitioners for not prescribing lipid-lowering medication to patients with diabetes: a qualitative study. BMC Family Practice. 2009;10(1):1–7. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-10-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Balcazar A. Use of structured educational program to improve patient’s adherence to lipid-lowering medication. Nicole Wertheim College Nurs Student Proj. 2020;5.
   Google Scholar
• Gil-Guillén V, Hermida E, Pita-Fernandez S, et al. A cardiovascular educational intervention for primary care professionals in Spain: Positive impact in a quasi-experimental study. Br J Gen Pract. 2015;65(630):e32–e40. doi:10.3399/bjgp15X683137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gulayin PE, Lozada A, Beratarrechea A, et al. An educational intervention to improve statin use: cluster RCT at the primary care level in Argentina. Am J Preventive Med. 2019;57(1):95–105. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.02.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machline-Carrion MJ, Soares RM, Damiani LP, et al. Effect of a multifaceted quality improvement intervention on the prescription of evidence-based treatment in patients at high cardiovascular risk in Brazil: The bridge cardiovascular prevention cluster randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(5):408–417. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.0649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller M, Rose M, Kropa M, et al. Can doctors change? Attempts to improve adherence to the 2013 statin guidelines for diabetic patients at an urban academic family medicine clinic; 2015.;
   Google Scholar
• Elnaem MH, Nik Mohamed MH, Zaman Huri H, Azarisman SM. Impact of educational outreach intervention on enhancing health care providers’ knowledge about statin therapy prescribing in Malaysian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J eval clini pract. 2018;24(3):521–527. doi:10.1111/jep.12903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pokharel Y, Steinberg L, Chan W, et al. Case-based educational intervention to assess change in providers’ knowledge and attitudes towards the 2013 American college of cardiology/American heart association cholesterol management guideline. Atherosclerosis. 2016;246:115–120. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaitoun MF, Iflaifel MH, Almulhim LA, Al-Ghamdi MA, Ibrahim YA. Awareness of physicians and clinical pharmacists about ACC/AHA guidelines for dyslipidemia management: A cross-sectional study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2019;11(2):181–186. doi:10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_59_18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rababa’h AM, Ababneh M, Abedalqader NN, Altarabsheh SE. Knowledge, awareness, and attitude among pharmacists regarding the risk estimation of cardiovascular disease in Jordan: Immersion of lipid-lowering agents. Heliyon. 2023;9(9):e19288. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rababa’h AM, Mustafa R, Rabab’ah M, et al. Evaluation of physician’s knowledge in Jordan about the ACC/AHA blood cholesterol guidelines. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(3):e13784. doi:10.1111/ijcp.13784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A. G* Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Meth. 2007;39(2):175–191. doi:10.3758/BF03193146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cervero RM, Gaines JK. The impact of CME on physician performance and patient health outcomes: an updated synthesis of systematic reviews. J Contin Educ Health Prof. 2015;35(2):131–138. doi:10.1002/chp.21290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Ashwal FY, Sulaiman SAS, Sheikh Ghadzi SM, Kubas MA, Halboup A. Prevalence and predictors of clinically significant statin–drug interactions among Yemeni patients taking statins for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Curr Med Res Opin. 2022;38(6):889–899. doi:10.1080/03007995.2022.2072088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, et al. ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: the task force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European society of cardiology (ESC) and European atherosclerosis society (EAS). Eur Heart J. 2019;41(1):111–188. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz455
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanner C, Tonelli M. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for lipid management in CKD: Summary of recommendation statements and clinical approach to the patient. Kidney Int. 2014;85(6):1303–1309. doi:10.1038/ki.2014.31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health Malaysia. The Clinical Practice Guideline on Management of Dyslipidaemia; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Sparrow RT, Khan AM, Ferreira-Legere LE, et al. Effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing statin-prescribing rates in primary cardiovascular disease prevention: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(11):1160–1169. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.3066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elnaem M, Nik Mohamed MH, Huri HZ, Schneider CR. Pharmacist-led academic detailing improves statin therapy prescribing for Malaysian patients with type 2 diabetes: quasi-experimental design. PLoS One. 2019;14(9):e0220458. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renner HM, Hollar A, Stolpe SF, Marciniak MW. Pharmacist-to-prescriber intervention to close therapeutic gaps for statin use in patients with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2017;57(3):SS236–SS242e1. doi:10.1016/j.japh.2017.04.009
   Google Scholar
• Lowrie R, Lloyd SM, McConnachie A, Morrison J, Norata GD. A cluster randomised controlled trial of a pharmacist-led collaborative intervention to improve statin prescribing and attainment of cholesterol targets in primary care. PLoS One. 2014;9(11):e113370. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tunney RK Jr, Johnson DC, Wang L, Cox ZL. Impact of pharmacist intervention to increase compliance with guideline-directed statin therapy during an acute coronary syndrome hospitalization. Ann. Pharmacother. 2017;51(5):394–400. doi:10.1177/1060028016687322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wensing M, Grol R, Grimshaw J. Improving Patient Care: The Implementation of Change in Health Care. John Wiley & Sons; 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Mann HK, Magnani JW, Johnson AE. Health literacy is essential to ASCVD prevention in youth. Curr Atherosclerosis Rep. 2023;25(4):113–118. doi:10.1007/s11883-023-01086-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammadkhah F, Shamsalinia A, Rajabi F, Afzali Hasirini P, Khani Jeihooni A. The effect of educational intervention in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension with application of health belief model: a quasi-experimental study. JRSM Cardio Dis. 2023;12:20480040231212278. doi:10.1177/20480040231212278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar