104
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
REVIEW

Potential Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Anti-Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Current Evidence and Perspectives

, , , , & ORCID Icon
Pages 681-693 | Received 10 Nov 2023, Accepted 17 Apr 2024, Published online: 30 Apr 2024

References

  • World Health Organization. Ageing and health; 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health. Accessed September 1, 2022.
  • Zhang M. Study on the Medication Rule of Ancient Anti-senile Prescriptions [ PhD Thesis]. China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; 2018.
  • Gómez-Linton DR, Alavez S, Alarcón-Aguilar A, et al. Some naturally occurring compounds that increase longevity and stress resistance in model organisms of aging. Biogerontology. 2019;20(5):583–603. doi:10.1007/s10522-019-09817-2
  • Xiao G, Xuan Z, Xiaozhen G, et al. Jiawei Sijunzi decoction delays aging of mouse spleen tissue through mTOR signaling pathway. Acad J Second Mil Med Univ. 2020;41(12):1410–1413. doi:10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.12.1410
  • Ying S, Xiao G, Yanqiong Q, et al. Flavored Sijunzi Delays aging of brain tissue of mice via mTOR signaling pathway. Acta Med Univ Sci Technol Huazhong. 2018;47(04):417–420.
  • Fan Z, Ao X, Jinyue Y, et al. Metabonomics study of Jinkui Shenqi pills on improving the memory ability of D-galactose-induced aging rats. Chin J Pharm Anal. 2020;40(12):2149–2156. doi:10.16155/j.0254-1793.2020.12.07
  • Yan Z, Changcheng Z, Yuan Y, et al. Protective effects on shenqi pills against injury of tight junction function of sertoli cells in the testis of aging rats and its mechanism. Traditional Chin Drug Res Clin Pharmacol. 2021;32(06):783–790. doi:10.19378/j.issn.1003-9783.2021.06.006
  • Zhu Y, Han Y, Wang W, et al. Mulberry leaves attenuate D-galactose-induced aging in vivo and in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol. 2023;311:116286. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116286
  • Zhu S, Jia L, Wang X, et al. Anti-aging formula protects skin from oxidative stress-induced senescence through the inhibition of CXCR2 expression. J Ethnopharmacol. 2023;318(Pt B):116996. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116996
  • Shenghua P, Ziqin Z, Shuyu T, et al. An integrated fecal microbiome and metabolome in the aged mice reveal anti-aging effects from the intestines and biochemical mechanism of FuFang zhenshu TiaoZhi(FTZ). Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;121:109421. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109421
  • Teseo S, Houot B, Yang K, et al. G. sinense and P. notoginseng extracts improve healthspan of aging flies and provide protection in a Huntington disease model. Aging Dis. 2021;12(2):425–440. doi:10.14336/ad.2020.0714-1
  • Li L, Zhang H, Chen B, et al. BaZiBuShen alleviates cognitive deficits and regulates Sirt6/NRF2/HO-1 and Sirt6/P53-PGC-1α-TERT signaling pathways in aging mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;282:114653. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114653
  • Adler AS, Sinha S, Kawahara TL, et al. Motif module map reveals enforcement of aging by continual NF-kappaB activity. Genes Dev. 2007;21(24):3244–3257. doi:10.1101/gad.1588507
  • Zia A, Farkhondeh T, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, et al. The role of curcumin in aging and senescence: molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;134:111119. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111119
  • Culig L, Chu X, Bohr VA. Neurogenesis in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev. 2022;78:101636. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101636
  • Alzheimer’s Association. 2021 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement. 2021;17(3):327–406. doi:10.1002/alz.12328
  • Calderón-Larrañaga A, Vetrano DL, Onder G, et al. Assessing and measuring chronic multimorbidity in the older population: a proposal for its operationalization. J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017;72(10):1417–1423. doi:10.1093/gerona/glw233
  • Delgado-Lara DL, González-Enríquez GV, Torres-Mendoza BM, et al. Effect of melatonin administration on the PER1 and BMAL1 clock genes in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;129:110485. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110485
  • Poewe W, Seppi K, Tanner CM, et al. Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2017;3:17013. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2017.13
  • Pandya VA, Patani R. Decoding the relationship between ageing and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a cellular perspective. Brain. 2020;143(4):1057–1072. doi:10.1093/brain/awz360
  • Xu L, Liu T, Liu L, et al. Global variation in prevalence and incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol. 2020;267(4):944–953. doi:10.1007/s00415-019-09652-y
  • Lane CA, Hardy J, Schott JM. Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Neurol. 2018;25(1):59–70. doi:10.1111/ene.13439
  • Zhang Y, Lin C, Zhang L, et al. Cognitive improvement during treatment for mild Alzheimer’s disease with a Chinese Herbal Formula: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0130353. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130353
  • Ning F, Chen L, Chen L, et al. Combination of polygoni multiflori radix praeparata and acori tatarinowii rhizoma alleviates learning and memory impairment in scopolamine-treated mice by regulating synaptic-related proteins. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:679573. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.679573
  • Huang Q, Zhang C, Qu S, et al. Chinese herbal extracts exert neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer’s disease mouse through the dopaminergic synapse/apoptosis signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:817213. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.817213
  • Zhou Q, Wang Y, Zhang J, et al. Fingerprint analysis of Huolingshengji Formula and its neuroprotective effects in SOD1(G93A) mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):1668. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19923-9
  • Gong F, Zhu W, Liao W, et al. Mechanism of the curative effect of Wen-Shen-Jian-Pi prescription in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:873224. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.873224
  • In S, Hong CW, Choi B, et al. Inhibition of mitochondrial clearance and Cu/Zn-SOD activity enhance 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal apoptosis. Mol Neurobiol. 2016;53(1):777–791. doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9087-9
  • Holper L, Ben-Shachar D, Mann JJ. Multivariate meta-analyses of mitochondrial complex I and IV in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2019;44(5):837–849. doi:10.1038/s41386-018-0090-0
  • Gao L, Cao M, Du GH, et al. Huangqin decoction exerts beneficial effects on rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease by improving mitochondrial dysfunction and alleviating metabolic abnormality of mitochondria. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14:911924. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.911924
  • Geng J, Liu W, Gao J, et al. Andrographolide alleviates Parkinsonism in MPTP-PD mice via targeting mitochondrial fission mediated by dynamin-related protein 1. Br J Pharmacol. 2019;176(23):4574–4591. doi:10.1111/bph.14823
  • Li L, Fan S, Zhang W, et al. Duzhong fang attenuates the POMC-derived neuroinflammation in Parkinsonian mice. J Inflamm Res. 2021;14:3261–3276. doi:10.2147/jir.S316314
  • Bao X, He Y, Huang L, et al. Sinomenine exerts a neuroprotective effect on PD mouse model through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to enhance autophagy. Int J Neurosci. 2022:1–9. doi:10.1080/00207454.2022.2100780
  • Liu XL, Lu J, Tian Y, et al. 艾灸激活Nrf2/ARE通路抗帕金森病模型大鼠氧化应激损伤的机制研究 [Effect and mechanism of moxibustion on oxidative stress injury in rats with Parkinson’s disease by activating Nrf2/ARE pathway]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2020;40(8):857–862. Chinese. doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20190620-k0002
  • Gu SC, Shi R, Gaoag C, et al. Traditional Chinese medicine Pingchan granule for motor symptoms and functions in Parkinson’s disease: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Phytomedicine. 2023;108:154497. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154497
  • North BJ, Sinclair DA. The intersection between aging and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res. 2012;110(8):1097–1108. doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.246876
  • Betts DH, Bain NT, Madan P. The p66(Shc) adaptor protein controls oxidative stress response in early bovine embryos. PLoS One. 2014;9(1):e86978. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086978
  • Chen MS, Lee RT, Garbern JC. Senescence mechanisms and targets in the heart. Cardiovasc Res. 2022;118(5):1173–1187. doi:10.1093/cvr/cvab161
  • Yan M, Sun S, Xu K, et al. Cardiac aging: from basic research to therapeutics. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:9570325. doi:10.1155/2021/9570325
  • Wu GS, Li HK, Zhang WD. Metabolomics and its application in the treatment of coronary heart disease with traditional Chinese medicine. Chin J Nat Med. 2019;17(5):321–330. doi:10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30037-8
  • Wang Y, Li Y, He C, et al. Mitochondrial regulation of cardiac aging. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2019;1865(7):1853–1864. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.12.008
  • Li W, Zhang Y, Wang X, et al. Qishen granule protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by coordinating MDM2-p53-mediated mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022;2022:4344677. doi:10.1155/2022/4344677
  • Liu Y, Zhong H, Xu P, et al. Deciphering the combination mechanisms of Gualou-Xiebai herb pair against atherosclerosis by network pharmacology and HPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:941400. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.941400
  • Li X, Su C, Jiang Z, et al. Berberine attenuates choline-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting trimethylamine and trimethylamine-N-oxide production via manipulating the gut microbiome. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2021;7(1):36. doi:10.1038/s41522-021-00205-8
  • Wen B, Dang YY, Wu SH, et al. Antiatherosclerotic effect of dehydrocorydaline on ApoE(-/-) mice: inhibition of macrophage inflammation. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022;43(6):1408–1418. doi:10.1038/s41401-021-00769-3
  • Chen X, Cao J, Sun Y, et al. Ethanol extract of Schisandrae chinensis fructus ameliorates the extent of experimentally induced atherosclerosis in rats by increasing antioxidant capacity and improving endothelial dysfunction. Pharm Biol. 2018;56(1):612–619. doi:10.1080/13880209.2018.1523933
  • Pentikäinen MO, Oörni K, Ala-Korpela M, et al. Modified LDL - trigger of atherosclerosis and inflammation in the arterial intima. J Intern Med. 2000;247(3):359–370. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00655.x
  • Lin HH, Charles AL, Hsieh CW, et al. Antioxidant effects of 14 Chinese traditional medicinal herbs against human low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Tradit Complement Med. 2015;5(1):51–55. doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.10.001
  • Jin X, Fu W, Zhou J, et al. Oxymatrine attenuates oxidized low‑density lipoprotein‑induced HUVEC injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome‑mediated pyroptosis via the activation of the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2021;48(4). doi:10.3892/ijmm.2021.5020
  • Cyr AR, Huckaby LV, Shiva SS, et al. Nitric Oxide and Endothelial Dysfunction. Crit Care Clin. 2020;36(2):307–321. doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2019.12.009
  • Zhu Z, Li J, Zhang X. Astragaloside IV Protects Against Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell injury by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Med Sci Monit. 2019;25:2132–2140. doi:10.12659/msm.912894
  • Bennett MR, Sinha S, Owens GK. Vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2016;118(4):692–702. doi:10.1161/circresaha.115.306361
  • Lee S, Lim HJ, Park HY, et al. Berberine inhibits rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in vitro and improves neointima formation after balloon injury in vivo. Berberine improves neointima formation in a rat model. Atherosclerosis. 2006;186(1):29–37. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.06.048
  • Xu S, Ogura S, Chen J, et al. LOX-1 in atherosclerosis: biological functions and pharmacological modifiers. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013;70(16):2859–2872. doi:10.1007/s00018-012-1194-z
  • Diao Y. Clematichinenoside AR alleviates foam Cell formation and the inflammatory response in Ox-LDL-Induced RAW264.7 cells by activating autophagy. Inflammation. 2021;44(2):758–768. doi:10.1007/s10753-020-01375-x
  • Badimon L, Padró T, Vilahur G. Atherosclerosis, platelets and thrombosis in acute ischaemic heart disease. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2012;1(1):60–74. doi:10.1177/2048872612441582
  • Wang H, Zhong L, Mi S, et al. Tanshinone IIA prevents platelet activation and down-regulates CD36 and MKK4/JNK2 signaling pathway. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020;20(1):81. doi:10.1186/s12872-019-01289-z
  • Ke J, Li MT, Huo YJ, et al. The synergistic effect of ginkgo biloba extract 50 and aspirin against platelet aggregation. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021;15:3543–3560. doi:10.2147/dddt.S318515
  • Palmer AK, Gustafson B, Kirkland JL, et al. Cellular senescence: at the nexus between ageing and diabetes. Diabetologia. 2019;62(10):1835–1841. doi:10.1007/s00125-019-4934-x
  • Kushner JA. The role of aging upon β cell turnover. J Clin Invest. 2013;123(3):990–995. doi:10.1172/jci64095
  • Xu M, Tchkonia T, Ding H, et al. JAK inhibition alleviates the cellular senescence-associated secretory phenotype and frailty in old age. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112(46):E6301–E6310. doi:10.1073/pnas.1515386112
  • Berlanga-Acosta JA, Guillén-Nieto GE, Rodríguez-Rodríguez N, et al. Cellular senescence as the pathogenic hub of diabetes-related wound chronicity. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:573032. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.573032
  • Rong C, Yanmei C, Xiaofei Z, et al. Research progress in the correlation between diabetes mellitus and aging and its mechanism. Transl Med J. 2023;12(04):204–09+14.
  • Zhao MM, Lu J, Li S, et al. Berberine is an insulin secretagogue targeting the KCNH6 potassium channel. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):5616. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25952-2
  • Zhou X, Yang Q, Xie Y, et al. Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside extends mouse life span via upregulating neural klotho and downregulating neural insulin or insulin-like growth factor 1. Neurobiol Aging. 2015;36(3):1462–1470. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.11.002
  • Zhu Q, Zhou Q, Luo XL, et al. Combination of canagliflozin and puerarin alleviates the lipotoxicity to diabetic kidney in mice. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023;27(3):221–230. doi:10.4196/kjpp.2023.27.3.221
  • Zhou YT, Zhu L, Yuan Y, et al. Effects and mechanisms of five psoralea prenylflavonoids on aging-related diseases. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020;2020:2128513. doi:10.1155/2020/2128513
  • Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(1):7–30. doi:10.3322/caac.21442
  • Fane M, Weeraratna AT. How the ageing microenvironment influences tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20(2):89–106. doi:10.1038/s41568-019-0222-9
  • Efferth T. Cancer combination therapies with artemisinin-type drugs. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017;139:56–70. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.019
  • Chen L, Qu C, Chen H, et al. Chinese herbal medicine suppresses invasion-promoting capacity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic cancer. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e96177. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096177
  • Yao Y, Guo Q, Cao Y, et al. Artemisinin derivatives inactivate cancer-associated fibroblasts through suppressing TGF-β signaling in breast cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):282. doi:10.1186/s13046-018-0960-7
  • Yin S, Jin W, Qiu Y, et al. Solamargine induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis and autophagy via inhibiting LIF/miR-192-5p/CYR61/Akt signaling pathways and eliciting immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):32. doi:10.1186/s13045-022-01248-w
  • Zhang Y, Chai N, Wei Z, et al. YYFZBJS inhibits colorectal tumorigenesis by enhancing Tregs-induced immunosuppression through HIF-1α mediated hypoxia in vivo and in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2022;98:153917. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153917
  • Yang R, Pei T, Huang R, et al. Platycodon grandiflorum triggers antitumor immunity by restricting PD-1 expression of CD8(+) T cells in local tumor microenvironment. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:774440. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.774440
  • Jiang Z, Yang Y, Yang Y, et al. Ginsenoside Rg3 attenuates cisplatin resistance in lung cancer by downregulating PD-L1 and resuming immune. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;96:378–383. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.129
  • Song M, Qian C, Zhang T, et al. Salvia mitiorrhiza Bunge aqueous extract attenuates infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages and potentiates anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer through modulating Cox2/PGE2 cascade. J Ethnopharmacol. 2023;316:116735. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.116735
  • Guo J, Shen Y, Hu S, et al. Neobavaisoflavone inhibits antitumor immunosuppression via myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2022;111:109103. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109103
  • Lam W, Hu R, Liu SH, et al. YIV-906 enhances nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) activity of T cells and promotes immune checkpoint blockade antibody action and CAR T-cell activity. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1095186. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1095186
  • Ke M, Zhang Z, Xu B, et al. Baicalein and baicalin promote antitumor immunity by suppressing PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019;75:105824. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105824
  • Dupont C, Armant DR, Brenner CA. Epigenetics: definition, mechanisms and clinical perspective. Semin Reprod Med. 2009;27(5):351–357. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1237423
  • Rando TA, Chang HY. Aging, rejuvenation, and epigenetic reprogramming: resetting the aging clock. Cell. 2012;148(1–2):46–57. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.003
  • Schroeder EA, Raimundo N, Shadel GS. Epigenetic silencing mediates mitochondria stress-induced longevity. Cell Metab. 2013;17(6):954–964. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.003
  • Law PP, Holland ML. DNA methylation at the crossroads of gene and environment interactions. Essays Biochem. 2019;63(6):717–726. doi:10.1042/ebc20190031
  • Lowe R, Barton C, Jenkins CA, et al. Ageing-associated DNA methylation dynamics are a molecular readout of lifespan variation among mammalian species. Genome Biol. 2018;19(1):22. doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1397-1
  • Yang Y, Liu L, Zhang X, et al. Tanshinone IIA prevents rifampicin-induced liver injury by regulating BSEP/NTCP expression via epigenetic activation of NRF2. Liver Int. 2020;40(1):141–154. doi:10.1111/liv.14262
  • Mao X, Hou Y, Fang C, et al. Bazi Bushen mitigates epigenetic aging and extends healthspan in naturally aging mice. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;160:114384. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114384
  • Rossiello F, Jurk D, Passos JF, et al. Telomere dysfunction in ageing and age-related diseases. Nat Cell Biol. 2022;24(2):135–147. doi:10.1038/s41556-022-00842-x
  • Hansen M, Rubinsztein DC, Walker DW. Autophagy as a promoter of longevity: insights from model organisms. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19(9):579–593. doi:10.1038/s41580-018-0033-y
  • Pan Y, Liu Y, Fujii R, et al. Ehretiquinone from onosma bracteatum wall exhibits antiaging effect on yeasts and mammals through antioxidative stress and autophagy induction. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:5469849. doi:10.1155/2021/5469849
  • Shibu MA, Lin YJ, Chiang CY, et al. Novel anti-aging herbal formulation Jing Si displays pleiotropic effects against aging associated disorders. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;146:112427. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112427
  • Wu E, Lian Y, Zhao S, et al. Involvement of the Sch9/Rim15/Msn2 signaling pathway in the anti-aging activity of dendrobine from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. via modification of oxidative stress and autophagy. Chin Med. 2023;18(1):111. doi:10.1186/s13020-023-00827-4
  • van Deursen JM. The role of senescent cells in ageing. Nature. 2014;509(7501):439–446. doi:10.1038/nature13193
  • Qin W, Chen S, Yang S, et al. The effect of traditional Chinese medicine on neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Aging Dis. 2017;8(6):792–811. doi:10.14336/ad.2017.0428
  • Bai L, Shi GY, Yang YJ, et al. Rehmannia glutinosa exhibits anti-aging effect through maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of hematopoietic stem cells. Animal Model Exp Med. 2018;1(3):194–202. doi:10.1002/ame2.12034
  • Cai SZ, Zhao LN, Liu J, et al. Allicin alleviates lead-induced hematopoietic stem cell aging by up-regulating PKM2. Biosci Rep. 2019;39(7). doi:10.1042/bsr20190243
  • Lei Z, Chen L, Hu Q, et al. Ginsenoside Rb1 improves intestinal aging via regulating the expression of sirtuins in the intestinal epithelium and modulating the gut microbiota of mice. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:991597. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.991597
  • Li Y, Zhang L, Ren P, et al. Qing-Xue-Xiao-Zhi formula attenuates atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage lipid accumulation and inflammatory response via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway regulation. Phytomedicine. 2021;93:153812. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153812
  • Shen Z, Yu M, Zhang S. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses unveil the mechanisms of yiguanjian decoction against Parkinson’s disease from inner/outer brain perspective. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022:4758189. doi:10.1155/2022/4758189
  • Hao J, Bei J, Li Z, et al. Qing`e Pill inhibits osteoblast ferroptosis via ATM Serine/Threonine Kinase (ATM) and the PI3K/AKT pathway in primary osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:902102. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.902102
  • Chen GY, Liu XY, Luo J, et al. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the key mechanism of gubitong recipe in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Comput Math Methods Med. 2022;2022:7858925. doi:10.1155/2022/7858925
  • Liu X, Deng R, Chen Y, et al. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula improves adenine-induced chronic kidney disease via regulating tryptophan metabolism and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:922707. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.922707
  • Liu X, Deng R, Wei X, et al. Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen formula enhances perindopril inhibition of chronic kidney disease progression by activation of SIRT3, modulation of mitochondrial dynamics, and antioxidant effects. Biosci Rep. 2021;41(10). doi:10.1042/bsr20211598
  • Gao K, Yang R, Zhang J, et al. Effects of Qijian mixture on type 2 diabetes assessed by metabonomics, gut microbiota and network pharmacology. Pharmacol Res. 2018;130:93–109. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.011
  • Zhao P, Li J, Tian Y, et al. Restoring Th17/Treg balance via modulation of STAT3 and STAT5 activation contributes to the amelioration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Bufei Yishen formula. J Ethnopharmacol. 2018;217:152–162. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.023
  • Zhu J, Mu X, Zeng J, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents cognitive impairment and hippocampus senescence in a rat model of D-galactose-induced aging. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e101291. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101291
  • Lei H, Wang B, Li WP, et al. Anti-aging effect of astragalosides and its mechanism of action. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2003;24(3):230–234.
  • Zhang H, Pan N, Xiong S, et al. Inhibition of polyglutamine-mediated proteotoxicity by Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide through the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biochem J. 2012;441(1):417–424. doi:10.1042/bj20110621
  • Salvador L, Singaravelu G, Harley CB, et al. A natural product telomerase activator lengthens telomeres in humans: a randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled study. Rejuvenation Res. 2016;19(6):478–484. doi:10.1089/rej.2015.1793
  • Cuong VT, Chen W, Shi J, et al. The anti-oxidation and anti-aging effects of Ganoderma lucidum in Caenorhabditis elegans. Exp Gerontol. 2019;117:99–105. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.11.016
  • Liu P, Zhao H, Luo Y. Anti-aging implications of Astragalus Membranaceus (Huangqi): a well-known Chinese tonic. Aging Dis. 2017;8(6):868–886. doi:10.14336/ad.2017.0816
  • Kim EN, Lim JH, Kim MY, et al. Resveratrol, an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury. Aging. 2018;10(1):83–99. doi:10.18632/aging.101361
  • Wang TH, Tseng WC, Leu YL, et al. The flavonoid corylin exhibits lifespan extension properties in mouse. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):1238. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28908-2
  • Sun J, Jing S, Jiang R, et al. Metabolomics study of the therapeutic mechanism of Schisandra chinensis lignans on aging rats induced by d-galactose. Clin Interv Aging. 2018;13:829–841. doi:10.2147/cia.S163275
  • Liang CY, Liang YM, Liu HZ, et al. Effect of Dendrobium officinale on D-galactose-induced aging mice. Chin J Integr Med. 2017. doi:10.1007/s11655-016-2631-x