Pre-Operative Immunonutrition Enhances Postoperative Outcomes and Elevates Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Counts in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

References

• Siegel RL, Wagle NS, Cercek A, Smith RA, Jemal A. Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin. 2023;73(3):233–54. doi:10.3322/caac.21772
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossain MS, Karuniawati H, Jairoun AA, Urbi Z, Ooi DJ, John A, Lim YC, Kibria KMK, Mohiuddin AKM, Ming LC, et al. Colorectal cancer: a review of carcinogenesis, global epidemiology, current challenges, risk factors, preventive and treatment strategies. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(7):1732. doi:10.3390/cancers14071732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Meng W-J, Wang Z-Q. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced colorectal cancer: a promising individualized treatment strategy. Front Biosci. 2023;28(4):69. doi:10.31083/j.fbl2804069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leslie A, Steele R. Management of colorectal cancer. Postgrad Med J. 2002;78(922):473–8. 10.1136/pmj.78.922.473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Artinyan A, Orcutt ST, Anaya DA, Richardson P, Chen GJ, Berger DH. Infectious postoperative complications decrease long-term survival in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer: a study of 12,075 patients. Ann Surg. 2015;261(3):497–505. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000000854
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shang W, Yuan W, Liu R, Yan C, Fu M, Yang H, Chen J. Factors contributing to the mortality of elderly patients with colorectal cancer within a year after surgery. J Cancer Res Ther. 2022;18(2):503–8. doi:10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1478_21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai H-L, Cheng K-I, Lu C-Y, Kuo C-H, Ma C-J, Wu J-Y, Chai C-Y, Hsieh J-S, Wang J-Y. Prognostic significance of depth of invasion, vascular invasion and numbers of lymph node retrievals in combination for patients with stage II colorectal cancer undergoing radical resection. J Surg Oncol. 2008;97(5):383–7. doi:10.1002/jso.20942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tateishi Y, Nakanishi Y, Taniguchi H, Shimoda T, Umemura S. Pathological prognostic factors predicting lymph node metastasis in submucosal invasive (T1) colorectal carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2010;23(8):1068–72. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2010.88
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obermair A, Simunovic M, Isenring L, Janda M. Nutrition interventions in patients with gynecological cancers requiring surgery. Gynecol Oncol. 2017;145(1):192–9. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.01.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan AM, Power DG, Daly L, Cushen SJ, Ní Bhuachalla Ē, Prado CM. Cancer-associated malnutrition, cachexia and sarcopenia: the skeleton in the hospital closet 40 years later. Proc Nutr Soc. 2016;75(2):199–211. doi:10.1017/S002966511500419X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Masoni MC, Fini M, Pagani S, Giampietro O, Carpi A. Malnutrition, anorexia and cachexia in cancer patients: a mini-review on pathogenesis and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother. 2013;67(8):807–17. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2013.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozzetti F, Gianotti L, Braga M, Di Carlo V, Mariani L. Postoperative complications in gastrointestinal cancer patients: the joint role of the nutritional status and the nutritional support. Clin Nutr. 2007;26(6):698–709. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2007.06.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brajcich BC, Stigall K, Walsh DS, Varghese TK, Barber AE, Kralovich KA, Wescott AB, Pockaj BA, Ko CY, Laronga C, et al. Preoperative Nutritional Optimization of the Oncology Patient: a Scoping Review. J Am Coll Surg. 2022;234(3):384–94. doi:10.1097/XCS.0000000000000055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan A, Wong J, Riedel B, Laing E, Beaumont A, Kong J, Warrier S, Heriot A. The impact of peri-operative enteral immunonutrition on post-operative complications in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2023;30(6):3619–31. doi:10.1245/s10434-023-13265-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moya P, Miranda E, Soriano-Irigaray L, Arroyo A, Aguilar M-D-M, Bellón M, Muñoz J-L, Candela F, Calpena R. Perioperative immunonutrition in normo-nourished patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection. Surg Endosc. 2016;30(11):4946–4953. doi:10.1007/s00464-016-4836-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moya P, Soriano-Irigaray L, Ramirez JM, Garcea A, Blasco O, Blanco FJ, Brugiotti C, Miranda E, Arroyo A. Perioperative standard oral nutrition supplements versus immunonutrition in patients undergoing colorectal resection in an enhanced recovery (ERAS) protocol: a multicenter randomized clinical trial (SONVI study). Medicine. 2016;95(21):e3704. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000003704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braga M, Gianotti L, Vignali A, Carlo VD. Preoperative oral arginine and n-3 fatty acid supplementation improves the immunometabolic host response and outcome after colorectal resection for cancer. Surgery. 2002;132(5):805–14. doi:10.1067/msy.2002.128350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura K, Sasayama A, Takahashi T, Yamaji T. An immune-modulating diet in combination with chemotherapy prevents cancer cachexia by attenuating systemic inflammation in colon 26 tumor-bearing mice. Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(6):912–20. doi:10.1080/01635581.2015.1053495
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finco C, Magnanini P, Sarzo G, Vecchiato M, Luongo B, Savastano S, Bortoliero M, Barison P, Merigliano S. Prospective randomized study on perioperative enteral immunonutrition in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Surg Endosc. 2007;21(7):1175–9. doi:10.1007/s00464-007-9238-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velkoski J, Grimaldi F, DI Meo L, Mion F, Pravisani R, Marino M, Calandra S, Cherchi V, Terrosu G. Immunonutrition in elective colorectal surgery and early inflammatory response. Minerva Surg. 2021;76(5):407–14. doi:10.23736/S2724-5691.21.08619-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haibin S, Xiaojin L, Rui L, et al. Effect of perioperative oral enteral nutrition on nutritional status, immune function and postoperative complication rate in patients with colorectal cancer. Zhejiang Med J. 2018;40(8):843–7.
   Google Scholar
• Fei W, Weijun H, Gangfeng Y. Effect of perioperative enhanced immune type enteral nutrition on nutritional status, inflammatory reaction, gastrointestinal function and prognosis in elderly patients with elective colorectal cancer after support. J Colorectal Anal Surg. 2015;21(6):453–6.
   Google Scholar
• Shibutani M, Maeda K, Nagahara H, et al. A high preoperative neutrophil–to–lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res. 2013;33(8):3291–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang D-H, Weaver MT, Park N-J, Smith B, McArdle T, Carpenter J. Significant impairment in immune recovery following cancer treatment. Nurs Res. 2009;58(2):105–14. doi:10.1097/NNR.0b013e31818fcecd
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang FA, Chen YC, Tiong C. Immunonutrition in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing surgical intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients. 2020;12(9):2798. doi:10.3390/nu12092798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li H, Zhang S, Lin L, Rastogi S. Does enteral immune nutrition (EIN) boost the immunity of gastric cancer (GC) patients undergoing surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne. 2023;18(1):31–41. doi:10.5114/wiitm.2022.120768
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee SY, Lee J, Park H-M, Kim CH, Kim HR. Impact of preoperative immunonutrition on the outcomes of colon cancer surgery: results from a randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2023;277(3):381–6. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000005140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao Z. Effect of perioperative application of probiotics combined with glutamine immunonutrition therapy on intestinal mucosal barrier and immune function in patients with colorectal cancer surgery. Chin Manip Rehabil Med. 2022;13(8):12–5.
   Google Scholar
• Xu J, Sun X, Xin Q, Cheng Y, Zhan Z, Zhang J, Wu J. Effect of immunonutrition on colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery: a meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2018;33(3):273–83. doi:10.1007/s00384-017-2958-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Chandler J, Welch VA, Higgins JP, Thomas J. Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;10(10):ED000142. doi:10.1002/14651858.ED000142
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Angka L, Martel AB, Ng J, Pecarskie A, Sadiq M, Jeong A, Scaffidi M, Tanese de Souza C, Kennedy MA, Tadros S, et al. A translational randomized trial of perioperative arginine immunonutrition on natural killer cell function in colorectal cancer surgery patients. Ann Surg Oncol. 2022;29(12):7410–20. doi:10.1245/s10434-022-12202-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierdak M, Surmiak M, Milian-Ciesielska K, Rubinkiewicz M, Rzepa A, Wysocki M, Major P, Kłęk S, Pędziwiatr M. Immunonutrition changes inflammatory response in colorectal cancer: results from a pilot randomized clinical trial. Cancers. 2021;13(6):1444. doi:10.3390/cancers13061444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manzanares Campillo MDC, Martín Fernández J, Amo Salas M, Casanova Rituerto D. A randomized controlled trial of preoperative oral immunonutrition in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: hospital stay and health care costs. Cir Cir. 2017;85(5):393–400. doi:10.1016/j.circen.2017.11.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dongfeng Z, Haitao Z, Dawei M, et al. Superiority of postoperative immune and recovery level of preoperative immunonutrition regimen in colorectal cancer patients. Chin J Surg Oncol. 2016;8(6):381–4.
   Google Scholar
• Caglayan K, Oner I, Gunerhan Y, Ata P, Koksal N, Ozkara S. The impact of preoperative immunonutrition and other nutrition models on tumor infiltrative lymphocytes in colorectal cancer patients. Am J Surg. 2012;204(4):416–21. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2011.12.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye W, Jianmin X, Li R, et al. The effect of combined preoperative chemotherapy and enteral immunonutrition on the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Chin J Gen Surg. 2007;22(7):540–4.
   Google Scholar
• Matsuda A, Furukawa K, Takasaki H, Suzuki H, Kan H, Tsuruta H, Shinji S, Tajiri T. Preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplementation corrects TH1/TH2 imbalance in patients undergoing elective surgery for colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49(4):507–16. doi:10.1007/s10350-005-0292-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horie H, Okada M, Kojima M, Nagai H. Favorable effects of preoperative enteral immunonutrition on a surgical site infection in patients with colorectal cancer without malnutrition. Surg Today. 2006;36(12):1063–8. doi:10.1007/s00595-006-3320-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaojie L, Xiaohong Y, Jianwei L. Enteral immune nutrition for preoperative preparation in patients with colorectal carcinoma. J Jinan Univ. 2004;25(6):752–4.
   Google Scholar
• Shaojie L, Jianwei L, Xiaohong Y. The influence of enteral immunonutrition in preoperative preparation on immune function in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Guangzhou Med J. 2004;35(2):25–7.
   Google Scholar
• Achilli P, Mazzola M, Bertoglio CL, Magistro C, Origi M, Carnevali P, Gervasi F, Mastellone C, Guanziroli N, Corradi E, et al. Preoperative immunonutrition in frail patients with colorectal cancer: an intervention to improve postoperative outcomes. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2020;35(1):19–27. doi:10.1007/s00384-019-03438-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aghajani S, Kargari M. Determining factors influencing length of stay and predicting length of stay using data mining in the general surgery department. Hosp Pract Res. 2016;1(2):51–6. doi:10.20286/hpr-010251
   Google Scholar
• Junger A, Klasen J, Benson M, Sciuk G, Hartmann B, Sticher J, Hempelmann G. Factors determining length of stay of surgical day-case patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2001;18(5):314–21. doi:10.1046/j.0265-0215.2000.00837.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senger AS, Dincer M, Uzun O, et al. Impact of pre­operative prognostic nutritional index levels on morbidity in colorectal cancer surgery. Annali Italiani di Chirurgia. 2022;92:422–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCormack R, Michels R, Ramos N, Hutzler L, Slover JD, Bosco JA. Thirty-day readmission rates as a measure of quality: causes of readmission after orthopedic surgeries and accuracy of administrative data. J Healthc Manag. 2013;58(1):64–76. doi:10.1097/00115514-201301000-00011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi Y, Yamazaki T, Okubo Y, Uehara Y, Sugane K, Agematsu K. Regulation of aged humoral immune defense against pneumococcal bacteria by IgM memory B cell. J Immunol. 2005;175(5):3262–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.5.3262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ehrenstein MR, Notley CA. The importance of natural IgM: scavenger, protector and regulator. Nat Rev Immunol. 2010;10(11):778–86. doi:10.1038/nri2849
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lokossou GAG, Kouakanou L, Schumacher A, Zenclussen AC. Human breast milk: from food to active immune response with disease protection in infants and mothers. Front Immunol. 2022;13:849012. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.849012
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cassard L, Cohen-Solal JFG, Fournier EM, Camilleri-Broët S, Spatz A, Chouaïb S, Badoual C, Varin A, Fisson S, Duvillard P, et al. Selective expression of inhibitory Fcγ receptor by metastatic melanoma impairs tumor susceptibility to IgG-dependent cellular response. Int J Cancer. 2008;123(12):2832–9. doi:10.1002/ijc.23870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimasaki N, Jain A, Campana D. NK cells for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2020;19(3):200–18. doi:10.1038/s41573-019-0052-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Acker HH, Capsomidis A, Smits EL, Van Tendeloo VF. CD56 in the immune system: more than a marker for cytotoxicity? Front Immunol. 2017;8:892. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yue T, Xiong K, Deng J, Hu W, Tan T, Li S, Yang T, Xiao T. Meta-analysis of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immune functions and nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer. Front Nutr. 2022;9:945590. doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.945590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang X-H, Chen X-J, Wang X-Y, Chen Y-Z, Xie Q-Q, Peng J-S. Optimal nutrition formulas for patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: a Bayesian network analysis. Nutr Cancer. 2021;73(5):775–84. doi:10.1080/01635581.2020.1770812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu H, Chen J, Shao W, Yan S, Ding S. Efficacy and safety of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in adjuvant treatments for colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1004465. doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1004465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar